{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": {
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "CreativeWork",
"additionalType": "USGS Numbered Series",
"name": "An Excel Workbook for Identifying Redox Processes in Ground Water",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "ofr20091004",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20091004"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 97250
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.3133/ofr20091004",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091004"
}
],
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Open-File Report"
}
],
"datePublished": "2009",
"dateModified": "2012-03-08",
"abstract": "The reduction/oxidation (redox) condition of ground water affects the concentration, transport, and fate of many anthropogenic and natural contaminants. The redox state of a ground-water sample is defined by the dominant type of reduction/oxidation reaction, or redox process, occurring in the sample, as inferred from water-quality data. However, because of the difficulty in defining and applying a systematic redox framework to samples from diverse hydrogeologic settings, many regional water-quality investigations do not attempt to determine the predominant redox process in ground water. Recently, McMahon and Chapelle (2008) devised a redox framework that was applied to a large number of samples from 15 principal aquifer systems in the United States to examine the effect of redox processes on water quality. This framework was expanded by Chapelle and others (in press) to use measured sulfide data to differentiate between iron(III)- and sulfate-reducing conditions. These investigations showed that a systematic approach to characterize redox conditions in ground water could be applied to datasets from diverse hydrogeologic settings using water-quality data routinely collected in regional water-quality investigations. \r\n\r\nThis report describes the Microsoft Excel workbook, RedoxAssignment_McMahon&Chapelle.xls, that assigns the predominant redox process to samples using the framework created by McMahon and Chapelle (2008) and expanded by Chapelle and others (in press). Assignment of redox conditions is based on concentrations of dissolved oxygen (O2), nitrate (NO3-), manganese (Mn2+), iron (Fe2+), sulfate (SO42-), and sulfide (sum of dihydrogen sulfide [aqueous H2S], hydrogen sulfide [HS-], and sulfide [S2-]). The logical arguments for assigning the predominant redox process to each sample are performed by a program written in Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). The program is called from buttons on the main worksheet. The number of samples that can be analyzed is only limited by the number of rows in Excel (65,536 for Excel 2003 and XP; and 1,048,576 for Excel 2007), and is therefore appropriate for large datasets.",
"description": "Report: vi, 8 p.; Workbook",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "U.S. Geological Survey"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "McMahon, Peter B. pmcmahon@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Peter B.",
"familyName": "McMahon",
"email": "pmcmahon@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0001-7452-2379",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Colorado Water Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/colorado-water-science-center"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Francis H.",
"familyName": "Chapelle",
"email": "chapelle@usgs.gov",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "South Carolina Water Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/sawsc"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "South Atlantic Water Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/sawsc"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Eberts, Sandra M. smeberts@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Sandra M.",
"familyName": "Eberts",
"email": "smeberts@usgs.gov",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Ohio Water Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.govhttps://www.usgs.gov/centers/oki-water"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Jurgens, Bryant C.",
"givenName": "Bryant C.",
"familyName": "Jurgens",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0002-1572-113X",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X"
}
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "California Water Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/california-water-science-center"
}
]
}
},
"OpenAlex": {
"abstract_inverted_index": {
"The": [
0,
19,
240,
265,
275
],
"reduction/oxidation": [
1,
33
],
"(redox)": [
2
],
"condition": [
3
],
"of": [
4,
13,
22,
32,
49,
98,
113,
207,
214,
229,
277,
289
],
"ground": [
5,
80,
153
],
"water": [
6,
117,
154
],
"affects": [
7
],
"the": [
8,
29,
40,
50,
75,
106,
111,
176,
183,
190,
245,
272,
287
],
"concentration,": [
9
],
"transport,": [
10
],
"and": [
11,
16,
54,
84,
125,
138,
195,
198,
202,
226,
237,
297,
299,
304
],
"fate": [
12
],
"many": [
14,
66
],
"anthropogenic": [
15
],
"natural": [
17
],
"contaminants.": [
18
],
"redox": [
20,
36,
58,
77,
89,
114,
150,
185,
208,
247
],
"state": [
21
],
"a": [
23,
56,
88,
95,
145,
255
],
"ground-water": [
24
],
"sample": [
25,
251
],
"is": [
26,
210,
267,
283,
305
],
"defined": [
27
],
"by": [
28,
123,
193,
200,
254,
286
],
"dominant": [
30
],
"type": [
31
],
"reaction,": [
34
],
"or": [
35
],
"process,": [
37
],
"occurring": [
38
],
"in": [
39,
52,
79,
105,
152,
169,
258,
291
],
"sample,": [
41
],
"as": [
42
],
"inferred": [
43
],
"from": [
44,
62,
100,
160,
269
],
"water-quality": [
45,
68,
165,
171
],
"data.": [
46
],
"However,": [
47
],
"because": [
48
],
"difficulty": [
51
],
"defining": [
53
],
"applying": [
55
],
"systematic": [
57,
146
],
"framework": [
59,
90,
120,
191
],
"to": [
60,
73,
94,
109,
129,
134,
148,
158,
187,
249
],
"samples": [
61,
99,
188,
278
],
"diverse": [
63,
161
],
"hydrogeologic": [
64,
162
],
"settings,": [
65
],
"regional": [
67,
170
],
"investigations": [
69,
142
],
"do": [
70
],
"not": [
71
],
"attempt": [
72
],
"determine": [
74
],
"predominant": [
76,
184,
246
],
"process": [
78,
186,
248
],
"water.": [
81
],
"Recently,": [
82
],
"McMahon": [
83,
194
],
"Chapelle": [
85,
124,
196,
201
],
"(2008)": [
86,
197
],
"devised": [
87
],
"that": [
91,
144,
181,
279
],
"was": [
92,
121
],
"applied": [
93,
157
],
"large": [
96,
309
],
"number": [
97,
276,
288
],
"15": [
101
],
"principal": [
102
],
"aquifer": [
103
],
"systems": [
104
],
"United": [
107
],
"States": [
108
],
"examine": [
110
],
"effect": [
112
],
"processes": [
115
],
"on": [
116,
212,
271
],
"quality.": [
118
],
"This": [
119,
173
],
"expanded": [
122,
199
],
"others": [
126,
203
],
"(in": [
127,
204
],
"press)": [
128
],
"use": [
130
],
"measured": [
131
],
"sulfide": [
132,
227,
231,
235,
238
],
"data": [
133,
166
],
"differentiate": [
135
],
"between": [
136
],
"iron(III)-": [
137
],
"sulfate-reducing": [
139
],
"conditions.": [
140
],
"These": [
141
],
"showed": [
143
],
"approach": [
147
],
"characterize": [
149
],
"conditions": [
151,
209
],
"could": [
155
],
"be": [
156,
281
],
"datasets": [
159
],
"settings": [
163
],
"using": [
164,
189
],
"routinely": [
167
],
"collected": [
168
],
"investigations.": [
172
],
"report": [
174
],
"describes": [
175
],
"Microsoft": [
177,
259
],
"Excel": [
178,
292,
295,
302
],
"workbook,": [
179
],
"RedoxAssignment_McMahon&Chapelle.xls,": [
180
],
"assigns": [
182
],
"created": [
192
],
"press).": [
205
],
"Assignment": [
206
],
"based": [
211
],
"concentrations": [
213
],
"dissolved": [
215
],
"oxygen": [
216
],
"(O2),": [
217
],
"nitrate": [
218
],
"(NO3-),": [
219
],
"manganese": [
220
],
"(Mn2+),": [
221
],
"iron": [
222
],
"(Fe2+),": [
223
],
"sulfate": [
224
],
"(SO42-),": [
225
],
"(sum": [
228
],
"dihydrogen": [
230
],
"[aqueous": [
232
],
"H2S],": [
233
],
"hydrogen": [
234
],
"[HS-],": [
236
],
"[S2-]).": [
239
],
"logical": [
241
],
"arguments": [
242
],
"for": [
243,
262,
294,
301,
308
],
"assigning": [
244
],
"each": [
250
],
"are": [
252
],
"performed": [
253
],
"program": [
256,
266
],
"written": [
257
],
"Visual": [
260
],
"Basic": [
261
],
"Applications": [
263
],
"(VBA).": [
264
],
"called": [
268
],
"buttons": [
270
],
"main": [
273
],
"worksheet.": [
274
],
"can": [
280
],
"analyzed": [
282
],
"only": [
284
],
"limited": [
285
],
"rows": [
290
],
"(65,536": [
293
],
"2003": [
296
],
"XP;": [
298
],
"1,048,576": [
300
],
"2007),": [
303
],
"therefore": [
306
],
"appropriate": [
307
],
"datasets.": [
310
]
},
"apc_list": null,
"apc_paid": null,
"authorships": [
{
"author_position": "first",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083652209",
"display_name": "Bryant C. Jurgens",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Bryant C. Jurgens",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076148070",
"display_name": "Peter B. McMahon",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Peter B. McMahon",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057157670",
"display_name": "Francis H. Chapelle",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-0539"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Francis H. Chapelle",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "last",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022367469",
"display_name": "Sandra M. Eberts",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-8293"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Sandra M. Eberts",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
}
],
"best_oa_location": null,
"biblio": {
"volume": null,
"issue": null,
"first_page": null,
"last_page": null
},
"citation_normalized_percentile": {
"value": 0.999923,
"is_in_top_1_percent": true,
"is_in_top_10_percent": true
},
"cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1512325855",
"cited_by_count": 91,
"cited_by_percentile_year": {
"min": 97,
"max": 98
},
"concepts": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c55904794",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82682",
"display_name": "Redox",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8452239,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c2780596425",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221205",
"display_name": "Sulfide",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.72220665,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c75622301",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791",
"display_name": "Aquifer",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6568367,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c185592680",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329",
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.53953296,
"qid": "Q166089"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c76177295",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598",
"display_name": "Groundwater",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43956786,
"qid": "Q159166"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c33556824",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179509",
"display_name": "Hydrogeology",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4329737,
"qid": "Q158991"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c2780797713",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376",
"display_name": "Water quality",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42196792,
"qid": "Q159335"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c107872376",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355",
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.36555335,
"qid": "Q166131"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c179104552",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165",
"display_name": "Inorganic chemistry",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3647252,
"qid": "Q166171"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c127313418",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
"display_name": "Geology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.19235605,
"qid": "Q158984"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c178790620",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351",
"display_name": "Organic chemistry",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.09070301,
"qid": "Q166197"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c18903297",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
"display_name": "Ecology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.07604599,
"qid": "Q158972"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c86803240",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
"display_name": "Biology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": "Q158998"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c187320778",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130",
"display_name": "Geotechnical engineering",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": "Q226247"
}
],
"corresponding_author_ids": [],
"corresponding_institution_ids": [],
"countries_distinct_count": 0,
"counts_by_year": [
{
"year": 2024,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2023,
"cited_by_count": 3
},
{
"year": 2022,
"cited_by_count": 8
},
{
"year": 2021,
"cited_by_count": 15
},
{
"year": 2020,
"cited_by_count": 5
},
{
"year": 2019,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2018,
"cited_by_count": 3
},
{
"year": 2017,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2016,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2015,
"cited_by_count": 4
},
{
"year": 2014,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2013,
"cited_by_count": 12
},
{
"year": 2012,
"cited_by_count": 6
}
],
"created_date": "2016-06-24",
"datasets": [],
"display_name": "An Excel Workbook for Identifying Redox Processes in Ground Water",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091004",
"fwci": 4.523,
"grants": [],
"has_fulltext": false,
"id": "https://openalex.org/W1512325855",
"ids": {
"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W1512325855",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091004",
"mag": "1512325855"
},
"indexed_in": [
"crossref"
],
"institutions_distinct_count": 0,
"is_paratext": false,
"is_retracted": false,
"keywords": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-quality-assessment",
"display_name": "Groundwater Quality Assessment",
"score": 0.529416
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality",
"display_name": "Water Quality",
"score": 0.503205
}
],
"language": "en",
"locations": [
{
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091004",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210194219",
"display_name": "Antarctica A Keystone in a Changing World",
"issn_l": "0196-1497",
"issn": [
"0196-1497",
"2331-1258",
"2332-4899"
],
"is_oa": true,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310316088",
"host_organization_name": "United States Department of the Interior",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310316088"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"United States Department of the Interior"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
}
],
"locations_count": 1,
"mesh": [],
"ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W1512325855/ngrams",
"open_access": {
"is_oa": false,
"oa_status": "closed",
"oa_url": null,
"any_repository_has_fulltext": false
},
"primary_location": {
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091004",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210194219",
"display_name": "Antarctica A Keystone in a Changing World",
"issn_l": "0196-1497",
"issn": [
"0196-1497",
"2331-1258",
"2332-4899"
],
"is_oa": true,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310316088",
"host_organization_name": "United States Department of the Interior",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310316088"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"United States Department of the Interior"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
},
"primary_topic": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11634",
"display_name": "Assessment of Surface Water Quality",
"score": 0.9919,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2312",
"display_name": "Water Science and Technology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
"publication_date": "2009-01-01",
"publication_year": 2009,
"referenced_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W2064299399",
"https://openalex.org/W2089965556",
"https://openalex.org/W2094902311",
"https://openalex.org/W2124631354",
"https://openalex.org/W2138806421"
],
"referenced_works_count": 5,
"related_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W3146659478",
"https://openalex.org/W3013662737",
"https://openalex.org/W2776785269",
"https://openalex.org/W2653854605",
"https://openalex.org/W2224640351",
"https://openalex.org/W2159333452",
"https://openalex.org/W1995051231",
"https://openalex.org/W1596251190",
"https://openalex.org/W1577288168",
"https://openalex.org/W1554382957"
],
"sustainable_development_goals": [
{
"score": 0.85,
"display_name": "Clean water and sanitation",
"id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"
}
],
"title": "An Excel Workbook for Identifying Redox Processes in Ground Water",
"topics": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11634",
"display_name": "Assessment of Surface Water Quality",
"score": 0.9919,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2312",
"display_name": "Water Science and Technology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10398",
"display_name": "Stable Isotope Analysis of Groundwater and Precipitation",
"score": 0.9855,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1906",
"display_name": "Geochemistry and Petrology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
"display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
}
],
"type": "article",
"type_crossref": "journal-article",
"updated_date": "2024-08-09T19:45:48.614976",
"versions": [],
"qid": "Q65128"
}
}