{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Evaluation of regulatory action and surveillance as preventive risk-mitigation to an emerging global amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal)",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "70221766",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70221766"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 70221766
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109222",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109222"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Biological Conservation",
"volumeNumber": "260",
"issueNumber": null
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Biological Conservation"
}
],
"datePublished": "2021",
"dateModified": "2023-06-23",
"abstract": "The emerging amphibian pathogen\u00a0Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans\u00a0(Bsal) is a severe threat to global urodelan (salamanders, newts, and related taxa) biodiversity. Bsal has not been detected, to date, in North America, but the risk is high because North America is one of the global hotspots for urodelan biodiversity. The North American and United States response to the discovery of Bsal in Europe was to take a risk-based approach to preventive management actions, including interim regulations on importation of captive salamanders and a large-scale surveillance effort. Risk-based approaches to decision-making can extend to\u00a0adaptive management\u00a0cycles by periodically incorporating new information that reduces uncertainty in an estimate of risk or to assess the effect of mitigation actions which reduce risk directly. Our objectives were to evaluate the effects of regulatory action on the introduction of Bsal to the\u00a0U.S., quantify how a large-scale surveillance effort impacted consequence risk, and to combine other new information on species susceptibility to re-evaluate Bsal risk to the U.S. Import regulations effectively reduced import volume of targeted species, but new research on species susceptibility suggests the list of regulated species was incomplete regarding Bsal reservoir species. Not detecting Bsal in an intensive surveillance effort improved confidence that Bsal was not present, however, the overall risk-reduction impact was limited because of the expansive area of interest (conterminous United States) and limited time frame of sampling. Overall, the preventive actions in response to the Bsal threat did reduce Bsal risk in the U.S. and we present an updated risk assessment to provide information for adaptive decision-making.",
"description": "109222, 9 p.; Data release",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Elsevier"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Campbell Grant, Evan H. ehgrant@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Evan H.",
"familyName": "Campbell Grant",
"email": "ehgrant@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0003-4401-6496",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Patuxent Wildlife Research Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pwrc"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Grear, Daniel A. dgrear@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Daniel A.",
"familyName": "Grear",
"email": "dgrear@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0002-5478-1549",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "National Wildlife Health Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/nwhc"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Mosher, Brittany A.",
"givenName": "Brittany A.",
"familyName": "Mosher"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Richgels, Katherine krichgels@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Katherine",
"familyName": "Richgels",
"email": "krichgels@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0003-2834-9477",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2834-9477"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "National Wildlife Health Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/nwhc"
}
]
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "National Wildlife Health Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/nwhc"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Patuxent Wildlife Research Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pwrc"
}
],
"spatialCoverage": [
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "country",
"name": "United States",
"url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
}
]
},
"OpenAlex": {
"_id": "https://openalex.org/w3176578460",
"abstract_inverted_index": {
"The": [
0,
47
],
"emerging": [
1
],
"amphibian": [
2
],
"pathogen": [
3
],
"Batrachochytrium": [
4
],
"salamandrivorans": [
5
],
"(Bsal)": [
6
],
"is": [
7,
33,
38
],
"a": [
8,
64,
80,
139
],
"severe": [
9
],
"threat": [
10,
236
],
"to": [
11,
25,
54,
62,
67,
86,
90,
108,
122,
134,
147,
155,
159,
233,
251
],
"global": [
12,
42
],
"urodelan": [
13,
45
],
"(salamanders,": [
14
],
"newts,": [
15
],
"and": [
16,
50,
79,
146,
221,
244
],
"related": [
17
],
"taxa)": [
18
],
"biodiversity.": [
19,
46
],
"Bsal": [
20,
58,
133,
157,
186,
191,
200,
235,
239
],
"has": [
21
],
"not": [
22,
202
],
"been": [
23
],
"detected,": [
24
],
"date,": [
26
],
"in": [
27,
59,
102,
192,
231,
241
],
"North": [
28,
36,
48
],
"America,": [
29
],
"but": [
30,
171
],
"the": [
31,
41,
55,
110,
124,
130,
135,
160,
178,
205,
213,
228,
234,
242
],
"risk": [
32,
106,
117,
158,
240,
249
],
"high": [
34
],
"because": [
35,
211
],
"America": [
37
],
"one": [
39
],
"of": [
40,
57,
76,
105,
112,
126,
132,
168,
180,
212,
216,
225
],
"hotspots": [
43
],
"for": [
44,
254
],
"American": [
49
],
"United": [
51,
219
],
"States": [
52
],
"response": [
53,
232
],
"discovery": [
56
],
"Europe": [
60
],
"was": [
61,
183,
201,
209
],
"take": [
63
],
"risk-based": [
65
],
"approach": [
66
],
"preventive": [
68,
229
],
"management": [
69,
92
],
"actions,": [
70
],
"including": [
71
],
"interim": [
72
],
"regulations": [
73,
163
],
"on": [
74,
129,
152,
174
],
"importation": [
75
],
"captive": [
77
],
"salamanders": [
78
],
"large-scale": [
81,
140
],
"surveillance": [
82,
141,
195
],
"effort.": [
83
],
"Risk-based": [
84
],
"approaches": [
85
],
"decision-making": [
87
],
"can": [
88
],
"extend": [
89
],
"adaptive": [
91,
255
],
"cycles": [
93
],
"by": [
94
],
"periodically": [
95
],
"incorporating": [
96
],
"new": [
97,
150,
172
],
"information": [
98,
151,
253
],
"that": [
99,
199
],
"reduces": [
100
],
"uncertainty": [
101
],
"an": [
103,
193,
247
],
"estimate": [
104
],
"or": [
107
],
"assess": [
109
],
"effect": [
111
],
"mitigation": [
113
],
"actions": [
114,
230
],
"which": [
115
],
"reduce": [
116,
238
],
"directly.": [
118
],
"Our": [
119
],
"objectives": [
120
],
"were": [
121
],
"evaluate": [
123
],
"effects": [
125
],
"regulatory": [
127
],
"action": [
128
],
"introduction": [
131
],
"U.S.,": [
136
],
"quantify": [
137
],
"how": [
138
],
"effort": [
142,
196
],
"impacted": [
143
],
"consequence": [
144
],
"risk,": [
145
],
"combine": [
148
],
"other": [
149
],
"species": [
153,
175,
182
],
"susceptibility": [
154,
176
],
"re-evaluate": [
156
],
"U.S.": [
161,
243
],
"Import": [
162
],
"effectively": [
164
],
"reduced": [
165
],
"import": [
166
],
"volume": [
167
],
"targeted": [
169
],
"species,": [
170
],
"research": [
173
],
"suggests": [
177
],
"list": [
179
],
"regulated": [
181
],
"incomplete": [
184
],
"regarding": [
185
],
"reservoir": [
187
],
"species.": [
188
],
"Not": [
189
],
"detecting": [
190
],
"intensive": [
194
],
"improved": [
197
],
"confidence": [
198
],
"present,": [
203
],
"however,": [
204
],
"overall": [
206
],
"risk-reduction": [
207
],
"impact": [
208
],
"limited": [
210,
222
],
"expansive": [
214
],
"area": [
215
],
"interest": [
217
],
"(conterminous": [
218
],
"States)": [
220
],
"time": [
223
],
"frame": [
224
],
"sampling.": [
226
],
"Overall,": [
227
],
"did": [
237
],
"we": [
245
],
"present": [
246
],
"updated": [
248
],
"assessment": [
250
],
"provide": [
252
],
"decision-making.": [
256
]
},
"apc_list": {
"value": 3570,
"currency": "USD",
"value_usd": 3570,
"provenance": "doaj"
},
"apc_paid": {
"value": 3570,
"currency": "USD",
"value_usd": 3570,
"provenance": "doaj"
},
"authorships": [
{
"author_position": "first",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029018491",
"display_name": "Daniel A. Grear",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210131920",
"display_name": "National Wildlife Health Center",
"ror": "https://ror.org/038d10y34",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "healthcare",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
"https://openalex.org/I4210131920"
]
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": true,
"raw_author_name": "Daniel A. Grear",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI 53711, United States of America"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI 53711, United States of America",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I4210131920",
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082413587",
"display_name": "Brittany A. Mosher",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8458-9056"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I111236770",
"display_name": "University of Vermont",
"ror": "https://ror.org/0155zta11",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I111236770"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Brittany A. Mosher",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, 81 Carrigan Dr Burlington, VT 05405, United States of America"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, 81 Carrigan Dr Burlington, VT 05405, United States of America",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I111236770"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045006778",
"display_name": "Katherine L. D. Richgels",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2834-9477"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210131920",
"display_name": "National Wildlife Health Center",
"ror": "https://ror.org/038d10y34",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "healthcare",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
"https://openalex.org/I4210131920"
]
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Katherine L.D. Richgels",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI 53711, United States of America"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI 53711, United States of America",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I4210131920",
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "last",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087373544",
"display_name": "Evan H. Campbell Grant",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Evan H.C. Grant",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1 Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376, United States of America"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1 Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376, United States of America",
"institution_ids": []
}
]
}
],
"best_oa_location": {
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109222",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S80660208",
"display_name": "Biological Conservation",
"issn_l": "0006-3207",
"issn": [
"0006-3207",
"1873-2917"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "cc-by-nc-nd",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd",
"version": "publishedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": true
},
"biblio": {
"volume": "260",
"issue": null,
"first_page": "109222",
"last_page": "109222"
},
"citation_normalized_percentile": {
"value": 0.707918,
"is_in_top_1_percent": false,
"is_in_top_10_percent": false
},
"cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3176578460",
"cited_by_count": 11,
"cited_by_percentile_year": {
"min": 89,
"max": 90
},
"concepts": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781465898",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10908",
"display_name": "Amphibian",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5517959
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C130217890",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041",
"display_name": "Biodiversity",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43150583
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C12174686",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438",
"display_name": "Risk assessment",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43148756
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198",
"display_name": "Computer science",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3115179
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
"display_name": "Ecology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.18292916
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
"display_name": "Biology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.1787104
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521",
"display_name": "Computer security",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.09042138
}
],
"corresponding_author_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/A5029018491"
],
"corresponding_institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I4210131920",
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
],
"countries_distinct_count": 1,
"counts_by_year": [
{
"year": 2024,
"cited_by_count": 3
},
{
"year": 2023,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2022,
"cited_by_count": 2
}
],
"created_date": "2021-07-05",
"datasets": [],
"display_name": "Evaluation of regulatory action and surveillance as preventive risk-mitigation to an emerging global amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal)",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109222",
"fwci": 1.114,
"grants": [
{
"funder": "https://openalex.org/F4320332182",
"funder_display_name": "U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service",
"award_id": null
},
{
"funder": "https://openalex.org/F4320332183",
"funder_display_name": "U.S. Geological Survey",
"award_id": null
}
],
"has_fulltext": false,
"id": "https://openalex.org/W3176578460",
"ids": {
"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W3176578460",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109222",
"mag": "3176578460"
},
"indexed_in": [
"crossref"
],
"institutions_distinct_count": 3,
"is_paratext": false,
"is_retracted": false,
"keywords": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-disturbances",
"display_name": "Ecosystem Disturbances",
"score": 0.445043
}
],
"language": "en",
"locations": [
{
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109222",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S80660208",
"display_name": "Biological Conservation",
"issn_l": "0006-3207",
"issn": [
"0006-3207",
"1873-2917"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "cc-by-nc-nd",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd",
"version": "publishedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": true
}
],
"locations_count": 1,
"mesh": [],
"ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W3176578460/ngrams",
"open_access": {
"is_oa": true,
"oa_status": "hybrid",
"oa_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109222",
"any_repository_has_fulltext": false
},
"primary_location": {
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109222",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S80660208",
"display_name": "Biological Conservation",
"issn_l": "0006-3207",
"issn": [
"0006-3207",
"1873-2917"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "cc-by-nc-nd",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd",
"version": "publishedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": true
},
"primary_topic": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10332",
"display_name": "Global Amphibian Declines and Extinctions",
"score": 0.994,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306",
"display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
"publication_date": "2021-08-01",
"publication_year": 2021,
"referenced_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W1019507364",
"https://openalex.org/W155466593",
"https://openalex.org/W1983447283",
"https://openalex.org/W2026416225",
"https://openalex.org/W2031308814",
"https://openalex.org/W2045258384",
"https://openalex.org/W2071513599",
"https://openalex.org/W2106536835",
"https://openalex.org/W2189155354",
"https://openalex.org/W2281933602",
"https://openalex.org/W2411428838",
"https://openalex.org/W2530771253",
"https://openalex.org/W2596265006",
"https://openalex.org/W2673714495",
"https://openalex.org/W2758093621",
"https://openalex.org/W2762179774",
"https://openalex.org/W2797752943",
"https://openalex.org/W2887025520",
"https://openalex.org/W2890855299",
"https://openalex.org/W2898858517",
"https://openalex.org/W2913752637",
"https://openalex.org/W2923474421",
"https://openalex.org/W2981087892",
"https://openalex.org/W3004831512",
"https://openalex.org/W3045940403",
"https://openalex.org/W3046781559",
"https://openalex.org/W3090950413",
"https://openalex.org/W3200785766"
],
"referenced_works_count": 28,
"related_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W4327790197",
"https://openalex.org/W4317931728",
"https://openalex.org/W4313585929",
"https://openalex.org/W4255970302",
"https://openalex.org/W3021814865",
"https://openalex.org/W2748952813",
"https://openalex.org/W2588323148",
"https://openalex.org/W2382900667",
"https://openalex.org/W2283928540",
"https://openalex.org/W2141914837"
],
"sustainable_development_goals": [
{
"display_name": "Life on land",
"id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15",
"score": 0.53
}
],
"title": "Evaluation of regulatory action and surveillance as preventive risk-mitigation to an emerging global amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal)",
"topics": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10332",
"display_name": "Global Amphibian Declines and Extinctions",
"score": 0.994,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306",
"display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11691",
"display_name": "Drivers and Impacts of Forest Pest Dynamics",
"score": 0.9929,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
"display_name": "Ecology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T12116",
"display_name": "Ectoparasitic Diseases in Humans and Animals",
"score": 0.9838,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2725",
"display_name": "Infectious Diseases"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27",
"display_name": "Medicine"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4",
"display_name": "Health Sciences"
}
}
],
"type": "article",
"type_crossref": "journal-article",
"updated_date": "2024-08-11T15:43:17.913706",
"versions": []
}
}