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{

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   "name": "Reevaluation of the role of blocked Oropsylla hirsuta prairie dog fleas (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) in Yersinia pestis (Enterobacterales: Enterobacteriaceae) transmission",
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   "abstract": "Prairie dogs in the western United States experience periodic epizootics of plague, caused by the flea-borne bacterial pathogen\u00a0Yersinia pestis. An early study indicated that\u00a0Oropsylla hirsuta\u00a0(Baker), often the most abundant prairie dog flea vector of plague, seldom transmits\u00a0Y. pestis\u00a0by the classic blocked flea mechanism. More recently, an alternative early-phase mode of transmission has been proposed as the driving force behind prairie dog epizootics. In this study, using the same flea infection protocol used previously to evaluate early-phase transmission, we assessed the vector competence of\u00a0O. hirsuta\u00a0for both modes of transmission. Proventricular blockage was evident during the first two weeks after infection and transmission during this time was at least as efficient as early-phase transmission 2 d after infection. Thus, both modes of transmission likely contribute to plague epizootics in prairie dogs.",
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