{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Density estimation in tiger populations: combining information for strong inference",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "70042281",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70042281"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 70042281
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1890/11-2110.1",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1890/11-2110.1"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Ecology",
"volumeNumber": "93",
"issueNumber": "7"
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Ecology"
}
],
"datePublished": "2012",
"dateModified": "2013-01-02",
"abstract": "A productive way forward in studies of animal populations is to efficiently make use of all the information available, either as raw data or as published sources, on critical parameters of interest. In this study, we demonstrate two approaches to the use of multiple sources of information on a parameter of fundamental interest to ecologists: animal density. The first approach produces estimates simultaneously from two different sources of data. The second approach was developed for situations in which initial data collection and analysis are followed up by subsequent data collection and prior knowledge is updated with new data using a stepwise process. Both approaches are used to estimate density of a rare and elusive predator, the tiger, by combining photographic and fecal DNA spatial capture\u2013recapture data. The model, which combined information, provided the most precise estimate of density (8.5 \u00b1 1.95 tigers/100 km2 [posterior mean \u00b1 SD]) relative to a model that utilized only one data source (photographic, 12.02 \u00b1 3.02 tigers/100 km2 and fecal DNA, 6.65 \u00b1 2.37 tigers/100 km2). Our study demonstrates that, by accounting for multiple sources of available information, estimates of animal density can be significantly improved.",
"description": "11 p.",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "ESA"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "James D.",
"familyName": "Nichols",
"email": "jnichols@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0002-7631-2890",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Patuxent Wildlife Research Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pwrc"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Karanth, K. Ullas",
"givenName": "K. Ullas",
"familyName": "Karanth"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Gopalaswamy, Arjun M.",
"givenName": "Arjun M.",
"familyName": "Gopalaswamy"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Delampady, Mohan",
"givenName": "Mohan",
"familyName": "Delampady"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Royle, J. Andrew",
"givenName": "J. Andrew",
"familyName": "Royle",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0003-3135-2167",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Patuxent Wildlife Research Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pwrc"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Macdonald, David W.",
"givenName": "David W.",
"familyName": "Macdonald"
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Patuxent Wildlife Research Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pwrc"
}
]
},
"OpenAlex": {
"abstract_inverted_index": {
"A": [
0
],
"productive": [
1
],
"way": [
2
],
"forward": [
3
],
"in": [
4,
76
],
"studies": [
5
],
"of": [
6,
14,
30,
42,
45,
50,
67,
109,
136,
184,
188
],
"animal": [
7,
55,
189
],
"populations": [
8
],
"is": [
9,
93
],
"to": [
10,
39,
53,
106,
149
],
"efficiently": [
11
],
"make": [
12
],
"use": [
13,
41
],
"all": [
15
],
"the": [
16,
40,
115,
132
],
"information": [
17,
46
],
"available,": [
18
],
"either": [
19
],
"as": [
20,
24
],
"raw": [
21
],
"data": [
22,
79,
88,
97,
156
],
"or": [
23
],
"published": [
25
],
"sources,": [
26
],
"on": [
27,
47
],
"critical": [
28
],
"parameters": [
29
],
"interest.": [
31
],
"In": [
32
],
"this": [
33
],
"study,": [
34
],
"we": [
35
],
"demonstrate": [
36
],
"two": [
37,
64
],
"approaches": [
38,
103
],
"multiple": [
43,
182
],
"sources": [
44,
66,
183
],
"a": [
48,
99,
110,
150
],
"parameter": [
49
],
"fundamental": [
51
],
"interest": [
52
],
"ecologists:": [
54
],
"density.": [
56
],
"The": [
57,
69,
126
],
"first": [
58
],
"approach": [
59,
71
],
"produces": [
60
],
"estimates": [
61,
187
],
"simultaneously": [
62
],
"from": [
63
],
"different": [
65
],
"data.": [
68,
125
],
"second": [
70
],
"was": [
72
],
"developed": [
73
],
"for": [
74,
181
],
"situations": [
75
],
"which": [
77,
128
],
"initial": [
78
],
"collection": [
80,
89
],
"and": [
81,
90,
112,
120,
165
],
"analysis": [
82
],
"are": [
83,
104
],
"followed": [
84
],
"up": [
85
],
"by": [
86,
117,
179
],
"subsequent": [
87
],
"prior": [
91
],
"knowledge": [
92
],
"updated": [
94
],
"with": [
95
],
"new": [
96
],
"using": [
98
],
"stepwise": [
100
],
"process.": [
101
],
"Both": [
102
],
"used": [
105
],
"estimate": [
107,
135
],
"density": [
108,
137,
190
],
"rare": [
111
],
"elusive": [
113
],
"predator,": [
114
],
"tiger,": [
116
],
"combining": [
118
],
"photographic": [
119
],
"fecal": [
121,
166
],
"DNA": [
122
],
"spatial": [
123
],
"capture\u2013recapture": [
124
],
"model,": [
127
],
"combined": [
129
],
"information,": [
130,
186
],
"provided": [
131
],
"most": [
133
],
"precise": [
134
],
"(8.5": [
138
],
"\u00b1": [
139,
146,
160,
169
],
"1.95": [
140
],
"tigers/100": [
141,
162,
171
],
"km": [
142,
163,
172
],
"2": [
143,
164,
173
],
"[posterior": [
144
],
"mean": [
145
],
"SD])": [
147
],
"relative": [
148
],
"model": [
151
],
"that": [
152
],
"utilized": [
153
],
"only": [
154
],
"one": [
155
],
"source": [
157
],
"(photographic,": [
158
],
"12.02": [
159
],
"3.02": [
161
],
"DNA,": [
167
],
"6.65": [
168
],
"2.37": [
170
],
").": [
174
],
"Our": [
175
],
"study": [
176
],
"demonstrates": [
177
],
"that,": [
178
],
"accounting": [
180
],
"available": [
185
],
"can": [
191
],
"be": [
192
],
"significantly": [
193
],
"improved.": [
194
]
},
"apc_list": {
"value": 3600,
"currency": "USD",
"value_usd": 3600,
"provenance": "doaj"
},
"apc_paid": null,
"authorships": [
{
"author_position": "first",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038398406",
"display_name": "Arjun M. Gopalaswamy",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3841-3663"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I40120149",
"display_name": "University of Oxford",
"ror": "https://ror.org/052gg0110",
"country_code": "GB",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I40120149"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"GB"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Arjun M Gopalaswamy",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 SQL, UK. arjungswamy@gmail.com"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 SQL, UK. arjungswamy@gmail.com",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I40120149"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046643704",
"display_name": "J. Andrew Royle",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "J Andrew Royle",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037269904",
"display_name": "Mohan Delampady",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9994-0777"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Mohan Delampady",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061761891",
"display_name": "James D. Nichols",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "James D Nichols",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014363977",
"display_name": "K. Ullas Karanth",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-9778"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "K Ullas Karanth",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "last",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062119084",
"display_name": "David W. Macdonald",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0607-9373"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "David W Macdonald",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
}
],
"best_oa_location": null,
"biblio": {
"volume": "93",
"issue": "7",
"first_page": "1741",
"last_page": "1751"
},
"citation_normalized_percentile": {
"value": 0.999952,
"is_in_top_1_percent": true,
"is_in_top_10_percent": true
},
"cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2074544442",
"cited_by_count": 97,
"cited_by_percentile_year": {
"min": 97,
"max": 98
},
"concepts": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776214188",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386",
"display_name": "Inference",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6546949
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91451191",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1935697",
"display_name": "Tiger",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.63945574
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C132964779",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223",
"display_name": "Raw data",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6132569
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C189508267",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17088227",
"display_name": "Density estimation",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.49049324
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483",
"display_name": "Statistics",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4778378
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36528806",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796147",
"display_name": "Mark and recapture",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47291762
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198",
"display_name": "Computer science",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4294081
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
"display_name": "Ecology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.393218
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
"display_name": "Biology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.25885862
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395",
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.22196722
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660",
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.14397526
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366",
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.1366902
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603",
"display_name": "Population",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.11073032
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732",
"display_name": "Demography",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.08116844
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185429906",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160",
"display_name": "Estimator",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.0
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201",
"display_name": "Sociology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.0
}
],
"corresponding_author_ids": [],
"corresponding_institution_ids": [],
"countries_distinct_count": 1,
"counts_by_year": [
{
"year": 2024,
"cited_by_count": 5
},
{
"year": 2023,
"cited_by_count": 3
},
{
"year": 2022,
"cited_by_count": 10
},
{
"year": 2021,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2020,
"cited_by_count": 8
},
{
"year": 2019,
"cited_by_count": 11
},
{
"year": 2018,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2017,
"cited_by_count": 12
},
{
"year": 2016,
"cited_by_count": 7
},
{
"year": 2015,
"cited_by_count": 7
},
{
"year": 2014,
"cited_by_count": 11
},
{
"year": 2013,
"cited_by_count": 9
},
{
"year": 2012,
"cited_by_count": 1
}
],
"created_date": "2016-06-24",
"datasets": [
"https://openalex.org/W4394325698",
"https://openalex.org/W4394333923",
"https://openalex.org/W4394527222"
],
"display_name": "Density estimation in tiger populations: combining information for strong inference",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1890/11-2110.1",
"fulltext_origin": "ngrams",
"fwci": 7.579,
"grants": [],
"has_fulltext": true,
"id": "https://openalex.org/W2074544442",
"ids": {
"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2074544442",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1890/11-2110.1",
"mag": "2074544442",
"pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22919919"
},
"indexed_in": [
"crossref",
"pubmed"
],
"institutions_distinct_count": 1,
"is_paratext": false,
"is_retracted": false,
"keywords": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/tiger",
"display_name": "Tiger",
"score": 0.63945574
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-selection",
"display_name": "Habitat Selection",
"score": 0.538172
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/species-delimitation",
"display_name": "Species Delimitation",
"score": 0.500859
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/density-estimation",
"display_name": "Density estimation",
"score": 0.49049324
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mark-and-recapture",
"display_name": "Mark and recapture",
"score": 0.47291762
}
],
"language": "en",
"locations": [
{
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1890/11-2110.1",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S35917800",
"display_name": "Ecology",
"issn_l": "0012-9658",
"issn": [
"0012-9658",
"1939-9170"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320595",
"host_organization_name": "Wiley",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320595"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Wiley"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
},
{
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22919919",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"display_name": "PubMed",
"issn_l": null,
"issn": null,
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": false,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238",
"host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1299303238"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"National Institutes of Health"
],
"type": "repository"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
}
],
"locations_count": 2,
"mesh": [
{
"descriptor_ui": "D046010",
"descriptor_name": "Tigers",
"qualifier_ui": "Q000502",
"qualifier_name": "physiology",
"is_major_topic": true
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D000818",
"descriptor_name": "Animals",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D007194",
"descriptor_name": "India",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D008954",
"descriptor_name": "Models, Biological",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D011156",
"descriptor_name": "Population Density",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D046010",
"descriptor_name": "Tigers",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
}
],
"ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2074544442/ngrams",
"open_access": {
"is_oa": false,
"oa_status": "closed",
"oa_url": null,
"any_repository_has_fulltext": false
},
"primary_location": {
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1890/11-2110.1",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S35917800",
"display_name": "Ecology",
"issn_l": "0012-9658",
"issn": [
"0012-9658",
"1939-9170"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320595",
"host_organization_name": "Wiley",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320595"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Wiley"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
},
"primary_topic": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10199",
"display_name": "Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Biology",
"score": 0.9999,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
"display_name": "Ecology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
"publication_date": "2012-07-01",
"publication_year": 2012,
"referenced_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W128740895",
"https://openalex.org/W1500794765",
"https://openalex.org/W1517555081",
"https://openalex.org/W1527551209",
"https://openalex.org/W1598468168",
"https://openalex.org/W1748192004",
"https://openalex.org/W1964941349",
"https://openalex.org/W1967522441",
"https://openalex.org/W1981350897",
"https://openalex.org/W1984483350",
"https://openalex.org/W1996773836",
"https://openalex.org/W2007237612",
"https://openalex.org/W2009985766",
"https://openalex.org/W2018309693",
"https://openalex.org/W2034427376",
"https://openalex.org/W2042067507",
"https://openalex.org/W2047836387",
"https://openalex.org/W2057765075",
"https://openalex.org/W2070083811",
"https://openalex.org/W2092923243",
"https://openalex.org/W2093223772",
"https://openalex.org/W2094687535",
"https://openalex.org/W2096971206",
"https://openalex.org/W2102565381",
"https://openalex.org/W2102734724",
"https://openalex.org/W2116052220",
"https://openalex.org/W2116665868",
"https://openalex.org/W2124384648",
"https://openalex.org/W2138710913",
"https://openalex.org/W2148534890",
"https://openalex.org/W2149234828",
"https://openalex.org/W2156732810",
"https://openalex.org/W2161035014",
"https://openalex.org/W2163744914",
"https://openalex.org/W2168456527",
"https://openalex.org/W2180905155",
"https://openalex.org/W2262954636",
"https://openalex.org/W2582743722",
"https://openalex.org/W2799002609",
"https://openalex.org/W3122478777",
"https://openalex.org/W34633382",
"https://openalex.org/W376812765",
"https://openalex.org/W4232632925",
"https://openalex.org/W4249731213",
"https://openalex.org/W4388295198",
"https://openalex.org/W643124167"
],
"referenced_works_count": 46,
"related_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W615568635",
"https://openalex.org/W607825664",
"https://openalex.org/W4311635115",
"https://openalex.org/W3181123421",
"https://openalex.org/W2753465079",
"https://openalex.org/W2394456997",
"https://openalex.org/W2283566838",
"https://openalex.org/W2246655820",
"https://openalex.org/W2228286642",
"https://openalex.org/W2129897485"
],
"sustainable_development_goals": [
{
"score": 0.53,
"display_name": "Life on land",
"id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"
}
],
"title": "Density estimation in tiger populations: combining information for strong inference",
"topics": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10199",
"display_name": "Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Biology",
"score": 0.9999,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
"display_name": "Ecology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10012",
"display_name": "Population Genetic Structure and Dynamics",
"score": 0.9982,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1311",
"display_name": "Genetics"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/13",
"display_name": "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1",
"display_name": "Life Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10302",
"display_name": "Importance and Conservation of Freshwater Biodiversity",
"score": 0.9974,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2309",
"display_name": "Nature and Landscape Conservation"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
}
],
"type": "article",
"type_crossref": "journal-article",
"updated_date": "2024-08-13T13:48:06.129734",
"versions": []
}
}