Item talk:Q240781

Add topic
There are no discussions on this page.

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Habitat characteristics of polar bear terrestrial maternal den sites in northern Alaska",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70006980",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70006980"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70006980
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.14430/arctic602",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic602"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Arctic",
     "volumeNumber": "56",
     "issueNumber": "1"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Arctic"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2003",
   "dateModified": "2024-06-06",
   "abstract": "Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) give birth to and nurture their young in dens of ice and snow. During 1999-2001, we measured the structure of 22 dens on the coastal plain of northern Alaska after polar bear families had evacuated their dens in the spring. During the summers of 2001 and 2002, we revisited the sites of 42 maternal and autumn exploratory dens and recorded characteristics of the under-snow habitat. The structure of polar bear snow dens was highly variable. Most were simple chambers with a single entrance/egress tunnel. Others had multiple chambers and additional tunnels. Thickness of snow above and below dens was highly variable, but most dens were overlain by less than 1 m of snow. Dens were located on, or associated with, pronounced landscape features (primarily coastal and river banks, but also a lake shore and an abandoned oil field gravel pad) that are readily distinguished from the surrounding terrain in summer and catch snow in early winter. Although easily identified, den landforms in northern Alaska were more subtle than den habitats in many other parts of the Arctic. The structure of polar bear dens in Alaska was strikingly similar to that of dens elsewhere and has remained largely unchanged in northern Alaska for more than 25 years. Knowledge of den structure and site characteristics will allow resource managers to identify habitats with the greatest probability of holding dens. This information may assist resource managers in preventing negative impacts of mineral exploration and extraction on polar bears.",
   "description": "8 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "Arctic Institute of North America"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Durner, George M. gdurner@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "George M.",
       "familyName": "Durner",
       "email": "gdurner@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-3370-1191",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Amstrup, Steven C.",
       "givenName": "Steven C.",
       "familyName": "Amstrup",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Polar Bears International"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Fischbach, Anthony S. afischbach@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Anthony S.",
       "familyName": "Fischbach",
       "email": "afischbach@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-6555-865X",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Alaska Biological Science Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
     }
   ],
   "spatialCoverage": [
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "country",
       "name": "United States",
       "url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "state",
       "name": "Alaska"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "unknown",
       "name": "northern Alaska"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "geo": [
         {
           "@type": "GeoShape",
           "additionalProperty": {
             "@type": "PropertyValue",
             "name": "GeoJSON",
             "value": {
               "type": "FeatureCollection",
               "features": [
                 {
                   "type": "Feature",
                   "properties": {},
                   "geometry": {
                     "type": "Polygon",
                     "coordinates": [
                       [
                         [
                           -166.640625,
                           66.96447630005638
                         ],
                         [
                           -141.328125,
                           66.96447630005638
                         ],
                         [
                           -141.328125,
                           71.85622888185527
                         ],
                         [
                           -166.640625,
                           71.85622888185527
                         ],
                         [
                           -166.640625,
                           66.96447630005638
                         ]
                       ]
                     ]
                   }
                 }
               ]
             }
           }
         },
         {
           "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
           "latitude": 69.41035259095582,
           "longitude": -153.984375
         }
       ]
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "Polar": [
       0
     ],
     "bears": [
       1
     ],
     "(Ursus": [
       2
     ],
     "maritimus)": [
       3
     ],
     "give": [
       4
     ],
     "birth": [
       5
     ],
     "to": [
       6,
       192,
       221
     ],
     "and": [
       7,
       15,
       49,
       58,
       62,
       92,
       99,
       129,
       137,
       154,
       197,
       214,
       244
     ],
     "nurture": [
       8
     ],
     "their": [
       9,
       39
     ],
     "young": [
       10
     ],
     "in": [
       11,
       41,
       152,
       157,
       165,
       174,
       187,
       202,
       237
     ],
     "dens": [
       12,
       25,
       40,
       61,
       75,
       101,
       107,
       186,
       195
     ],
     "of": [
       13,
       23,
       30,
       47,
       55,
       65,
       71,
       96,
       115,
       178,
       183,
       194,
       211,
       228,
       241
     ],
     "ice": [
       14
     ],
     "snow.": [
       16,
       116
     ],
     "During": [
       17,
       44
     ],
     "1999-2001,": [
       18
     ],
     "we": [
       19,
       51
     ],
     "measured": [
       20
     ],
     "the": [
       21,
       27,
       42,
       45,
       53,
       66,
       149,
       179,
       225
     ],
     "structure": [
       22,
       70,
       182,
       213
     ],
     "22": [
       24
     ],
     "on": [
       26,
       246
     ],
     "coastal": [
       28,
       128
     ],
     "plain": [
       29
     ],
     "northern": [
       31,
       166,
       203
     ],
     "Alaska": [
       32,
       167,
       188,
       204
     ],
     "after": [
       33
     ],
     "polar": [
       34,
       72,
       184,
       247
     ],
     "bear": [
       35,
       73,
       185
     ],
     "families": [
       36
     ],
     "had": [
       37,
       89
     ],
     "evacuated": [
       38
     ],
     "spring.": [
       43
     ],
     "summers": [
       46
     ],
     "2001": [
       48
     ],
     "2002,": [
       50
     ],
     "revisited": [
       52
     ],
     "sites": [
       54
     ],
     "42": [
       56
     ],
     "maternal": [
       57
     ],
     "autumn": [
       59
     ],
     "exploratory": [
       60
     ],
     "recorded": [
       63
     ],
     "characteristics": [
       64,
       216
     ],
     "under-snow": [
       67
     ],
     "habitat.": [
       68
     ],
     "The": [
       69,
       181
     ],
     "snow": [
       74,
       97,
       156
     ],
     "was": [
       76,
       102,
       189
     ],
     "highly": [
       77,
       103
     ],
     "variable.": [
       78
     ],
     "Most": [
       79
     ],
     "were": [
       80,
       108,
       118,
       168
     ],
     "simple": [
       81
     ],
     "chambers": [
       82,
       91
     ],
     "with": [
       83,
       224
     ],
     "a": [
       84,
       134
     ],
     "single": [
       85
     ],
     "entrance/egress": [
       86
     ],
     "tunnel.": [
       87
     ],
     "Others": [
       88
     ],
     "multiple": [
       90
     ],
     "additional": [
       93
     ],
     "tunnels.": [
       94
     ],
     "Thickness": [
       95
     ],
     "above": [
       98
     ],
     "below": [
       100
     ],
     "variable,": [
       104
     ],
     "but": [
       105,
       132
     ],
     "most": [
       106
     ],
     "overlain": [
       109
     ],
     "by": [
       110
     ],
     "less": [
       111
     ],
     "than": [
       112,
       171,
       207
     ],
     "1": [
       113
     ],
     "m": [
       114
     ],
     "Dens": [
       117
     ],
     "located": [
       119
     ],
     "on,": [
       120
     ],
     "or": [
       121
     ],
     "associated": [
       122
     ],
     "with,": [
       123
     ],
     "pronounced": [
       124
     ],
     "landscape": [
       125
     ],
     "features": [
       126
     ],
     "(primarily": [
       127
     ],
     "river": [
       130
     ],
     "banks,": [
       131
     ],
     "also": [
       133
     ],
     "lake": [
       135
     ],
     "shore": [
       136
     ],
     "an": [
       138
     ],
     "abandoned": [
       139
     ],
     "oil": [
       140
     ],
     "field": [
       141
     ],
     "gravel": [
       142
     ],
     "pad)": [
       143
     ],
     "that": [
       144,
       193
     ],
     "are": [
       145
     ],
     "readily": [
       146
     ],
     "distinguished": [
       147
     ],
     "from": [
       148
     ],
     "surrounding": [
       150
     ],
     "terrain": [
       151
     ],
     "summer": [
       153
     ],
     "catch": [
       155
     ],
     "early": [
       158
     ],
     "winter.": [
       159
     ],
     "Although": [
       160
     ],
     "easily": [
       161
     ],
     "identified,": [
       162
     ],
     "den": [
       163,
       172,
       212
     ],
     "landforms": [
       164
     ],
     "more": [
       169,
       206
     ],
     "subtle": [
       170
     ],
     "habitats": [
       173,
       223
     ],
     "many": [
       175
     ],
     "other": [
       176
     ],
     "parts": [
       177
     ],
     "Arctic.": [
       180
     ],
     "strikingly": [
       190
     ],
     "similar": [
       191
     ],
     "elsewhere": [
       196
     ],
     "has": [
       198
     ],
     "remained": [
       199
     ],
     "largely": [
       200
     ],
     "unchanged": [
       201
     ],
     "for": [
       205
     ],
     "25": [
       208
     ],
     "years.": [
       209
     ],
     "Knowledge": [
       210
     ],
     "site": [
       215
     ],
     "will": [
       217
     ],
     "allow": [
       218
     ],
     "resource": [
       219,
       235
     ],
     "managers": [
       220,
       236
     ],
     "identify": [
       222
     ],
     "greatest": [
       226
     ],
     "probability": [
       227
     ],
     "holding": [
       229
     ],
     "dens.": [
       230
     ],
     "This": [
       231
     ],
     "information": [
       232
     ],
     "may": [
       233
     ],
     "assist": [
       234
     ],
     "preventing": [
       238
     ],
     "negative": [
       239
     ],
     "impacts": [
       240
     ],
     "mineral": [
       242
     ],
     "exploration": [
       243
     ],
     "extraction": [
       245
     ],
     "bears.": [
       248
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": null,
   "apc_paid": null,
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5033439682",
         "display_name": "George M. Durner",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191"
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "George M. Durner",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [],
       "affiliations": []
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5056795428",
         "display_name": "Steven C. Amstrup",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8030-3906"
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Steven C. Amstrup",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [],
       "affiliations": []
     },
     {
       "author_position": "last",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5045144845",
         "display_name": "Anthony S. Fischbach",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X"
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Anthony S. Fischbach",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [],
       "affiliations": []
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": null,
   "biblio": {
     "volume": "56",
     "issue": "1",
     "first_page": null,
     "last_page": null
   },
   "citation_normalized_percentile": {
     "value": 0.889202,
     "is_in_top_1_percent": false,
     "is_in_top_10_percent": false
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2118341705",
   "cited_by_count": 76,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 95,
     "max": 96
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2910271056",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33609",
       "display_name": "Ursus maritimus",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.8311944
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C197046000",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561",
       "display_name": "Snow",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.8248391
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C185933670",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105",
       "display_name": "Habitat",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.70932555
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C518008717",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25322",
       "display_name": "Arctic",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6877398
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C108497213",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271669",
       "display_name": "Landform",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.5882365
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
       "display_name": "Geology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.53133094
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C100970517",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107",
       "display_name": "Physical geography",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.49905992
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C29705727",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562",
       "display_name": "Polar",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.42764974
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071",
       "display_name": "Geography",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.42294356
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
       "display_name": "Ecology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.365629
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C111368507",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518",
       "display_name": "Oceanography",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.34674692
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C114793014",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109",
       "display_name": "Geomorphology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.168031
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
       "display_name": "Biology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.068579525
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413",
       "display_name": "Physics",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C1276947",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333",
       "display_name": "Astronomy",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [],
   "countries_distinct_count": 0,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2023,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2022,
       "cited_by_count": 3
     },
     {
       "year": 2021,
       "cited_by_count": 3
     },
     {
       "year": 2020,
       "cited_by_count": 40
     },
     {
       "year": 2019,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     },
     {
       "year": 2018,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2017,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2016,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2015,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     },
     {
       "year": 2014,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2013,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2012,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2016-06-24",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "Habitat Characteristics of Polar Bear Terrestrial Maternal Den Sites in Northern Alaska",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic602",
   "fwci": 1.22,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": false,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W2118341705",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2118341705",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic602",
     "mag": "2118341705"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 0,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/ursus-maritimus",
       "display_name": "Ursus maritimus",
       "score": 0.8311944
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/landform",
       "display_name": "Landform",
       "score": 0.5882365
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/antarctic-comparison",
       "display_name": "Antarctic Comparison",
       "score": 0.46655
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": false,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic602",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S108820144",
         "display_name": "ARCTIC",
         "issn_l": "0004-0843",
         "issn": [
           "0004-0843",
           "1923-1245"
         ],
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": true,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310312960",
         "host_organization_name": "Arctic Institute of North America",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4310312960"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "Arctic Institute of North America"
         ],
         "type": "journal"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": null,
       "is_accepted": false,
       "is_published": false
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 1,
   "mesh": [],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2118341705/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": false,
     "oa_status": "closed",
     "oa_url": null,
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": false
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": false,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic602",
     "pdf_url": null,
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S108820144",
       "display_name": "ARCTIC",
       "issn_l": "0004-0843",
       "issn": [
         "0004-0843",
         "1923-1245"
       ],
       "is_oa": true,
       "is_in_doaj": false,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310312960",
       "host_organization_name": "Arctic Institute of North America",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310312960"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Arctic Institute of North America"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": null,
     "license_id": null,
     "version": null,
     "is_accepted": false,
     "is_published": false
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10659",
     "display_name": "Ecology and Conservation of Marine Mammals",
     "score": 0.9997,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
       "display_name": "Ecology"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
       "display_name": "Environmental Science"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
       "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2003-01-01",
   "publication_year": 2003,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W1821897863",
     "https://openalex.org/W1985290046",
     "https://openalex.org/W1998452093",
     "https://openalex.org/W2010242693",
     "https://openalex.org/W2054447543",
     "https://openalex.org/W2066126204",
     "https://openalex.org/W2113078445",
     "https://openalex.org/W2141479288",
     "https://openalex.org/W2151717821",
     "https://openalex.org/W2315295577",
     "https://openalex.org/W2799400557",
     "https://openalex.org/W2799764303",
     "https://openalex.org/W2800611700",
     "https://openalex.org/W2801396868",
     "https://openalex.org/W2801610523",
     "https://openalex.org/W2915324072"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 16,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W3112932934",
     "https://openalex.org/W2956599517",
     "https://openalex.org/W2796874418",
     "https://openalex.org/W2549818574",
     "https://openalex.org/W2346407265",
     "https://openalex.org/W2284620899",
     "https://openalex.org/W2185041648",
     "https://openalex.org/W2121568270",
     "https://openalex.org/W2037703007",
     "https://openalex.org/W2011601705"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [
     {
       "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14",
       "display_name": "Life below water",
       "score": 0.45
     }
   ],
   "title": "Habitat Characteristics of Polar Bear Terrestrial Maternal Den Sites in Northern Alaska",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10659",
       "display_name": "Ecology and Conservation of Marine Mammals",
       "score": 0.9997,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
         "display_name": "Ecology"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10644",
       "display_name": "Impacts of Climate Change on Glaciers and Water Availability",
       "score": 0.9774,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1902",
         "display_name": "Atmospheric Science"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11459",
       "display_name": "Arctic Sea Ice Variability and Decline",
       "score": 0.9564,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1902",
         "display_name": "Atmospheric Science"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "article",
   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-08T22:43:13.300372",
   "versions": []
 }

}

Return to "Q240781" page.