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{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Protection of bats (Eptesicus fuscus) against rabies following topical or oronasal exposure to a recombinant raccoon poxvirus vaccine",
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       "value": "10.1371/journal.pntd.0005958",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005958"
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   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases",
     "volumeNumber": "11",
     "issueNumber": "10"
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   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
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       "name": "PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"
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   "datePublished": "2017",
   "dateModified": "2017-10-13",
   "abstract": "Rabies is an ancient neglected tropical disease that causes tens of thousands of human deaths and millions of cattle deaths annually. In order to develop a new vaccine for potential use in bats, a reservoir of rabies infection for humans and animals alike, an\u00a0in silico\u00a0antigen designer tool was used to create a mosaic glycoprotein (MoG) gene using available sequences from the rabies Phylogroup I glycoprotein. This sequence, which represents strains more likely to occur in bats, was cloned into raccoonpox virus (RCN) and the efficacy of this novel RCN-MoG vaccine was compared to RCN-G that expresses the glycoprotein gene from CVS-11 rabies or luciferase (RCN-luc, negative control) in mice and big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus). Mice vaccinated and boosted intradermally with 1 x 107\u00a0plaque forming units (PFU) of each RCN-rabies vaccine construct developed neutralizing antibodies and survived at significantly higher rates than controls. No significant difference in antibody titers or survival was noted between rabies-vaccinated groups. Bats were vaccinated either oronasally (RCN-G, RCN-MoG) with 5x107\u00a0PFU or by topical application in glycerin jelly (RCN-MoG, dose 2x108\u00a0PFU), boosted (same dose and route) at 46 days post vaccination (dpv), and then challenged with wild-type big brown variant RABV at 65 dpv. Prior to challenge, 90% of RCN-G and 75% of RCN-MoG oronasally vaccinated bats had detectable levels of serum rabies neutralizing antibodies. Bats from the RCN-luc\u00a0and topically vaccinated RCN-MoG groups did not have measurable antibody responses. The RCN-rabies constructs were highly protective and not significantly different from each other. RCN-MoG provided 100% protection (n = 9) when delivered oronasally and 83% protection (n = 6) when delivered topically; protection provided by the RCN-G construct was 70% (n = 10). All rabies-vaccinated bats survived at a significantly (P \u2264 0.02) higher rate than control bats (12%; n = 8). We have demonstrated the efficacy of a novel,\u00a0in silico\u00a0designed rabies MoG antigen that conferred protection from rabies challenge in mice and big brown bats in laboratory studies. With further development, topical or oronasal administration of the RCN-MoG vaccine could potentially mitigate rabies in wild bat populations, reducing spillover of this deadly disease into humans, domestic mammals, and other wildlife.",
   "description": "e0005958; 19 p.",
   "publisher": {
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       "name": "Rocke, Tonie E. trocke@usgs.gov",
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   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-10T09:01:27.239506",
   "versions": []
 }

}

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