{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Rare earth element behavior during groundwater \u2013 seawater mixing along the Kona Coast of Hawaii",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "70178441",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70178441"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 70178441
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.009",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.009"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta",
"volumeNumber": "198",
"issueNumber": null
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"
}
],
"datePublished": "2017",
"dateModified": "2016-12-09",
"abstract": "Groundwater and seawater samples were collected from nearshore wells and offshore along the Kona Coast of the Big Island of Hawaii to investigate rare earth element (REE) behavior in local subterranean estuaries. Previous investigations showed that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the predominant flux of terrestrial waters to the coastal ocean along the arid Kona Coast of Hawaii. Groundwater and seawater samples were filtered through 0.45 \u03bcm and 0.02 \u03bcm pore-size filters to evaluate the importance of colloidal and soluble (i.e., truly dissolved ionic species and/or low molecular weight [LMW] colloids) fractions of the REEs in the local subterranean estuaries. Mixing experiments using groundwater collected immediately down gradient from a wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) proximal to the Kaloko-Hanokohau National Historic Park, and more \u201cpristine\u201d groundwater from a well constructed in a lava tube at Kiholo Bay, were mixed with local seawater to study the effect of solution composition (i.e., pH, salinity) on the concentrations and fractionation behavior of the REEs as groundwater mixes with seawater in Kona Coast subterranean estuaries. The mixed waters were also filtered through 0.45 or 0.02 \u03bcm filters to ascertain the behavior of colloidal and soluble fractions of the REEs across the salinity gradient in each mixing experiment. Concentrations of the REEs were statistically identical (two-tailed Student t-test, 95% confidence) between the sequentially filtered sample aliquots, indicating that the REEs occur as dissolved ionic species and/or LMW colloids in Kona Coast groundwaters. The mixing experiments revealed that the REEs are released to solution from suspended particles or colloids when Kona Coast groundwater waters mix with local seawater. The order of release that accompanies increasing pH and salinity follows light REE (LREE) > middle REE (MREE) > heavy REE (HREE). Release of REEs in the mixing experiments is driven by decreases in the free metal ion activity in solution and the concomitant increase in the amount of each REE that occurs in solution as dicarbonato complexes [i.e., Ln(CO3)2-] as pH increases across the salinity gradient. Input-normalized REE patterns of Kona Coast groundwater and coastal seawater are nearly identical and relatively flat compared to North Pacific seawater, indicating that SGD is the chief source of these trace elements to the ocean along the Kona Coast. Additionally, REE concentrations of the coastal seawater are between 10 and 50 times higher than previously reported open-ocean seawater values from the North Pacific, further demonstrating the importance of SGD fluxes of REEs to these coastal waters. Taken together, these observations indicate that large-scale removal of REEs, which characterizes the behavior of REEs in the low salinity reaches of many surface estuaries, is not a feature of the subterranean estuary along the Kona Coast. A large positive gadolinium (Gd) anomaly characterizes groundwater from the vicinity of the WWTF. The positive Gd anomaly can be traced to the coastal ocean, providing further evidence of the impact of SGD on the coastal waters. Estimates of the SGD fluxes of the REEs to the coastal ocean along the Kona Coast (i.e., 1.3 \u2013 2.6 mmol Nd day-1) are similar to recent estimates of SGD fluxes of REEs along Florida\u2019s east coast and to Rhode Island Sound, all of which points to the importance of SGD as significant flux of REEs to the coastal ocean.",
"description": "30 p.",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Elsevier"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Prouty, Nancy G. nprouty@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Nancy G.",
"familyName": "Prouty",
"email": "nprouty@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0002-8922-0688",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Johannesson, Karen H.",
"givenName": "Karen H.",
"familyName": "Johannesson",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Tulane University"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Fackrell, Joseph",
"givenName": "Joseph",
"familyName": "Fackrell",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Swarzenski, Peter W. pswarzen@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Peter W.",
"familyName": "Swarzenski",
"email": "pswarzen@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0003-0116-0578",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Chevis, Darren A.",
"givenName": "Darren A.",
"familyName": "Chevis"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Telfeyan, Katherine",
"givenName": "Katherine",
"familyName": "Telfeyan"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "White, Christopher D.",
"givenName": "Christopher D.",
"familyName": "White"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Burdige, David J.",
"givenName": "David J.",
"familyName": "Burdige"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Palmore, C. Dianne",
"givenName": "C. Dianne",
"familyName": "Palmore"
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center"
}
],
"spatialCoverage": [
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "country",
"name": "United States",
"url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "state",
"name": "Hawaii"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "unknown",
"name": "Kona Coast"
}
]
},
"OpenAlex": {
"abstract_inverted_index": {
"Groundwater": [
0,
58
],
"and": [
1,
9,
59,
67,
78,
121,
154,
188,
269,
302,
335,
341,
377,
513
],
"seawater": [
2,
60,
140,
164,
337,
373,
385
],
"samples": [
3,
61
],
"were": [
4,
62,
136,
173,
206
],
"collected": [
5,
104
],
"from": [
6,
108,
125,
247,
387,
449
],
"nearshore": [
7
],
"wells": [
8
],
"offshore": [
10
],
"along": [
11,
51,
363,
437,
490,
509
],
"the": [
12,
16,
41,
48,
52,
74,
93,
96,
116,
143,
152,
158,
184,
192,
195,
204,
215,
222,
241,
287,
295,
303,
307,
325,
353,
361,
364,
371,
388,
393,
416,
421,
434,
438,
450,
453,
463,
470,
475,
480,
484,
487,
491,
523,
533
],
"Kona": [
13,
54,
166,
233,
253,
332,
365,
439,
492
],
"Coast": [
14,
55,
167,
234,
254,
333,
493
],
"of": [
15,
19,
44,
56,
76,
92,
145,
157,
186,
191,
203,
263,
284,
309,
331,
356,
370,
395,
398,
412,
418,
425,
433,
452,
469,
472,
479,
483,
504,
507,
519,
525,
530
],
"Big": [
17
],
"Island": [
18,
516
],
"Hawaii": [
20
],
"to": [
21,
47,
72,
115,
141,
182,
245,
345,
360,
400,
462,
486,
501,
514,
522,
532
],
"investigate": [
22
],
"rare": [
23
],
"earth": [
24
],
"element": [
25
],
"(REE)": [
26
],
"behavior": [
27,
156,
185,
417
],
"in": [
28,
95,
129,
165,
198,
232,
286,
294,
300,
306,
314,
420
],
"local": [
29,
97,
139,
259
],
"subterranean": [
30,
98,
168,
435
],
"estuaries.": [
31,
99,
169
],
"Previous": [
32
],
"investigations": [
33
],
"showed": [
34
],
"that": [
35,
221,
240,
265,
312,
350,
409
],
"submarine": [
36
],
"groundwater": [
37,
103,
124,
161,
255,
334,
448
],
"discharge": [
38
],
"(SGD)": [
39
],
"is": [
40,
290,
352,
429
],
"predominant": [
42
],
"flux": [
43,
529
],
"terrestrial": [
45
],
"waters": [
46,
172,
256
],
"coastal": [
49,
336,
372,
402,
464,
476,
488,
534
],
"ocean": [
50,
362,
489
],
"arid": [
53
],
"Hawaii.": [
57
],
"filtered": [
63,
175,
217
],
"through": [
64,
176
],
"0.45": [
65,
177
],
"\u03bcm": [
66,
69,
180
],
"0.02": [
68,
179
],
"pore-size": [
70
],
"filters": [
71,
181
],
"evaluate": [
73
],
"importance": [
75,
394,
524
],
"colloidal": [
77,
187
],
"soluble": [
79,
189
],
"(i.e.,": [
80,
148,
494
],
"truly": [
81
],
"dissolved": [
82,
226
],
"ionic": [
83,
227
],
"species": [
84,
228
],
"and/or": [
85,
229
],
"low": [
86,
422
],
"molecular": [
87
],
"weight": [
88
],
"[LMW]": [
89
],
"colloids)": [
90
],
"fractions": [
91,
190
],
"REEs": [
94,
159,
193,
205,
223,
242,
285,
399,
419,
485,
508,
531
],
"Mixing": [
100
],
"experiments": [
101,
238,
289
],
"using": [
102
],
"immediately": [
105
],
"down": [
106
],
"gradient": [
107,
197
],
"a": [
109,
126,
130,
431
],
"wastewater": [
110
],
"treatment": [
111
],
"facility": [
112
],
"(WWTF)": [
113
],
"proximal": [
114
],
"Kaloko-Hanokohau": [
117
],
"National": [
118
],
"Historic": [
119
],
"Park,": [
120
],
"more": [
122
],
"\u201cpristine\u201d": [
123
],
"well": [
127
],
"constructed": [
128
],
"lava": [
131
],
"tube": [
132
],
"at": [
133
],
"Kiholo": [
134
],
"Bay,": [
135
],
"conducted": [
137
],
"with": [
138,
163,
258
],
"study": [
142
],
"effect": [
144
],
"solution": [
146,
246,
301,
315
],
"composition": [
147
],
"pH,": [
149
],
"salinity)": [
150
],
"on": [
151,
474
],
"concentrations": [
153,
369
],
"fractionation": [
155
],
"as": [
160,
225,
316,
321,
527
],
"mixes": [
162
],
"The": [
170,
236,
261,
455
],
"mixed": [
171
],
"also": [
174
],
"or": [
178,
250
],
"ascertain": [
183
],
"across": [
194,
324
],
"salinity": [
196,
270,
326,
423
],
"each": [
199,
310
],
"mixing": [
200,
237,
288
],
"experiment.": [
201
],
"Concentrations": [
202
],
"statistically": [
207
],
"identical": [
208,
340
],
"(two-tailed": [
209
],
"Student": [
210
],
"t-test,": [
211
],
"95%": [
212
],
"confidence)": [
213
],
"between": [
214,
375
],
"sequentially": [
216
],
"sample": [
218
],
"aliquots,": [
219
],
"indicating": [
220,
349
],
"occur": [
224
],
"LMW": [
230
],
"colloids": [
231,
251
],
"groundwaters.": [
235
],
"revealed": [
239
],
"are": [
243,
338,
374,
499
],
"released": [
244
],
"suspended": [
248
],
"particles": [
249
],
"when": [
252
],
"mix": [
257
],
"seawater.": [
260
],
"order": [
262
],
"release": [
264
],
"accompanies": [
266
],
"increasing": [
267
],
"pH": [
268,
322
],
"follows": [
271
],
"light": [
272
],
"REE": [
273,
277,
281,
311,
329,
368
],
"(LREE)": [
274
],
">": [
275,
279
],
"middle": [
276
],
"(MREE)": [
278
],
"heavy": [
280
],
"(HREE).": [
282
],
"Release": [
283
],
"driven": [
291
],
"by": [
292
],
"decreases": [
293
],
"free": [
296
],
"metal": [
297
],
"ion": [
298
],
"activity": [
299
],
"concomitant": [
304
],
"increase": [
305
],
"amount": [
308
],
"occurs": [
313
],
"dicarbonato": [
317
],
"complexes": [
318
],
"[i.e.,": [
319
],
"Ln(CO3)2\u2212]": [
320
],
"increases": [
323
],
"gradient.": [
327
],
"Input-normalized": [
328
],
"patterns": [
330
],
"nearly": [
339
],
"relatively": [
342
],
"flat": [
343
],
"compared": [
344
],
"North": [
346,
389
],
"Pacific": [
347
],
"seawater,": [
348
],
"SGD": [
351,
396,
473,
481,
505,
526
],
"chief": [
354
],
"source": [
355
],
"these": [
357,
401,
406
],
"trace": [
358
],
"elements": [
359
],
"Coast.": [
366,
440
],
"Additionally,": [
367
],
"10": [
376
],
"50": [
378
],
"times": [
379
],
"higher": [
380
],
"than": [
381
],
"previously": [
382
],
"reported": [
383
],
"open-ocean": [
384
],
"values": [
386
],
"Pacific,": [
390
],
"further": [
391,
467
],
"demonstrating": [
392
],
"fluxes": [
397,
482,
506
],
"waters.": [
403,
477
],
"Taken": [
404
],
"together,": [
405
],
"observations": [
407
],
"indicate": [
408
],
"large-scale": [
410
],
"removal": [
411
],
"REEs,": [
413
],
"which": [
414,
520
],
"characterizes": [
415,
447
],
"reaches": [
424
],
"many": [
426
],
"surface": [
427
],
"estuaries,": [
428
],
"not": [
430
],
"feature": [
432
],
"estuary": [
436
],
"A": [
441
],
"large": [
442
],
"positive": [
443,
456
],
"gadolinium": [
444
],
"(Gd)": [
445
],
"anomaly": [
446,
458
],
"vicinity": [
451
],
"WWTF.": [
454
],
"Gd": [
457
],
"can": [
459
],
"be": [
460
],
"traced": [
461
],
"ocean,": [
465
],
"providing": [
466
],
"evidence": [
468
],
"impact": [
471
],
"Estimates": [
478
],
"1.3\u20132.6": [
495
],
"mmol": [
496
],
"Nd": [
497
],
"day\u22121)": [
498
],
"similar": [
500
],
"recent": [
502
],
"estimates": [
503
],
"Florida\u2019s": [
510
],
"east": [
511
],
"coast": [
512
],
"Rhode": [
515
],
"Sound,": [
517
],
"all": [
518
],
"points": [
521
],
"significant": [
528
],
"ocean.": [
535
]
},
"apc_list": {
"value": 3690,
"currency": "USD",
"value_usd": 3690,
"provenance": "doaj"
},
"apc_paid": null,
"authorships": [
{
"author_position": "first",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059510663",
"display_name": "Karen H. Johannesson",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8140-8160"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114832834",
"display_name": "Tulane University",
"ror": "https://ror.org/04vmvtb21",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": true,
"raw_author_name": "Karen H. Johannesson",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075587516",
"display_name": "C. Dianne Palmore",
"orcid": null
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114832834",
"display_name": "Tulane University",
"ror": "https://ror.org/04vmvtb21",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "C. Dianne Palmore",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042255888",
"display_name": "Joseph K. Fackrell",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8148-3734"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I117965899",
"display_name": "University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa",
"ror": "https://ror.org/01wspgy28",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I117965899"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Joseph Fackrell",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I117965899"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090368188",
"display_name": "Nancy G. Prouty",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802036497",
"display_name": "Pacific Science Center",
"ror": "https://ror.org/04w11h594",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "archive",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I2802036497"
]
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Nancy G. Prouty",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I2802036497",
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003004328",
"display_name": "Peter W. Swarzenski",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802036497",
"display_name": "Pacific Science Center",
"ror": "https://ror.org/04w11h594",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "archive",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I2802036497"
]
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I14500998",
"display_name": "International University of Monaco",
"ror": "https://ror.org/02kb5sz66",
"country_code": "MC",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I14500998"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"MC",
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Peter W. Swarzenski",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"International Atomic Energy Agency, 98000, Monaco",
"United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I2802036497"
]
},
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "International Atomic Energy Agency, 98000, Monaco",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I14500998"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001807528",
"display_name": "Darren A. Chevis",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-5486"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114832834",
"display_name": "Tulane University",
"ror": "https://ror.org/04vmvtb21",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Darren A. Chevis",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035712617",
"display_name": "Katherine Telfeyan",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1845-1873"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1343871089",
"display_name": "Los Alamos National Laboratory",
"ror": "https://ror.org/01e41cf67",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "facility",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1330989302",
"https://openalex.org/I1343871089",
"https://openalex.org/I198811213",
"https://openalex.org/I4210120050"
]
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114832834",
"display_name": "Tulane University",
"ror": "https://ror.org/04vmvtb21",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Katherine Telfeyan",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States",
"Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I1343871089"
]
},
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044361885",
"display_name": "Christopher D. White",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8372-2492"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114832834",
"display_name": "Tulane University",
"ror": "https://ror.org/04vmvtb21",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Christopher D. White",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "last",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042032867",
"display_name": "David J. Burdige",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8859-7096"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I81365321",
"display_name": "Old Dominion University",
"ror": "https://ror.org/04zjtrb98",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I81365321"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "David J. Burdige",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department of Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I81365321"
]
}
]
}
],
"best_oa_location": {
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.009",
"pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/am/pii/S0016703716306469",
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S7538555",
"display_name": "Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta",
"issn_l": "0016-7037",
"issn": [
"0016-7037",
"1872-9533"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "publisher-specific-oa",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa",
"version": "acceptedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": false
},
"biblio": {
"volume": "198",
"issue": null,
"first_page": "229",
"last_page": "258"
},
"cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2549707822",
"cited_by_count": 96,
"cited_by_percentile_year": {
"min": 98,
"max": 99
},
"concepts": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c197248824",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184395",
"display_name": "Seawater",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8595003,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c2777493711",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631636",
"display_name": "Submarine groundwater discharge",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.7732722,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c76177295",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598",
"display_name": "Groundwater",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7078309,
"qid": "Q159166"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c88160329",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47053",
"display_name": "Estuary",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.65362537,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c129513315",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615",
"display_name": "Salinity",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.59441674,
"qid": "Q159284"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c111368507",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518",
"display_name": "Oceanography",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.49060407,
"qid": "Q166123"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c76886044",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300",
"display_name": "Hydrology (agriculture)",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47322667,
"qid": "Q161210"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c127313418",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
"display_name": "Geology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4653284,
"qid": "Q158984"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c39432304",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847",
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3516,
"qid": "Q166085"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c75622301",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791",
"display_name": "Aquifer",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.18085694,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c187320778",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130",
"display_name": "Geotechnical engineering",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": "Q226247"
}
],
"corresponding_author_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/A5059510663"
],
"corresponding_institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I114832834"
],
"countries_distinct_count": 2,
"counts_by_year": [
{
"year": 2024,
"cited_by_count": 14
},
{
"year": 2023,
"cited_by_count": 12
},
{
"year": 2022,
"cited_by_count": 20
},
{
"year": 2021,
"cited_by_count": 11
},
{
"year": 2020,
"cited_by_count": 11
},
{
"year": 2019,
"cited_by_count": 11
},
{
"year": 2018,
"cited_by_count": 12
},
{
"year": 2017,
"cited_by_count": 5
}
],
"created_date": "2016-11-30",
"datasets": [],
"display_name": "Rare earth element behavior during groundwater\u2013seawater mixing along the Kona Coast of Hawaii",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.009",
"fulltext_origin": "ngrams",
"fwci": 8.155,
"grants": [
{
"funder": "https://openalex.org/F4320306076",
"funder_display_name": "National Science Foundation",
"award_id": "OCE-0825920"
},
{
"funder": "https://openalex.org/F4320306076",
"funder_display_name": "National Science Foundation",
"award_id": "OCE-0825895"
}
],
"has_fulltext": true,
"id": "https://openalex.org/W2549707822",
"ids": {
"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2549707822",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.009",
"mag": "2549707822"
},
"indexed_in": [
"crossref"
],
"institutions_distinct_count": 7,
"is_paratext": false,
"is_retracted": false,
"keywords": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/submarine-groundwater-discharge",
"display_name": "Submarine groundwater discharge",
"score": 0.7732722
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/rare-earth-elements",
"display_name": "Rare Earth Elements",
"score": 0.526494
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater",
"display_name": "Groundwater",
"score": 0.508608
}
],
"language": "en",
"locations": [
{
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.009",
"pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/am/pii/S0016703716306469",
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S7538555",
"display_name": "Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta",
"issn_l": "0016-7037",
"issn": [
"0016-7037",
"1872-9533"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "publisher-specific-oa",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa",
"version": "acceptedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": false
},
{
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1416299",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402487",
"display_name": "OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)",
"issn_l": null,
"issn": null,
"is_oa": true,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": false,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I139351228",
"host_organization_name": "Office of Scientific and Technical Information",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I139351228"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Office of Scientific and Technical Information"
],
"type": "repository"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": "submittedVersion",
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
}
],
"locations_count": 2,
"mesh": [],
"ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2549707822/ngrams",
"open_access": {
"is_oa": true,
"oa_status": "bronze",
"oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/am/pii/S0016703716306469",
"any_repository_has_fulltext": true
},
"primary_location": {
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.009",
"pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/am/pii/S0016703716306469",
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S7538555",
"display_name": "Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta",
"issn_l": "0016-7037",
"issn": [
"0016-7037",
"1872-9533"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "publisher-specific-oa",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa",
"version": "acceptedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": false
},
"primary_topic": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11740",
"display_name": "Geochemistry of Manganese Oxides in Sedimentary Environments",
"score": 0.9988,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1906",
"display_name": "Geochemistry and Petrology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
"display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
"publication_date": "2017-02-01",
"publication_year": 2017,
"referenced_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W111262582",
"https://openalex.org/W111766145",
"https://openalex.org/W140988825",
"https://openalex.org/W1480161294",
"https://openalex.org/W1484514015",
"https://openalex.org/W1500381575",
"https://openalex.org/W1512436386",
"https://openalex.org/W1550996256",
"https://openalex.org/W1579476421",
"https://openalex.org/W1597144938",
"https://openalex.org/W1624806571",
"https://openalex.org/W1653504510",
"https://openalex.org/W1663892352",
"https://openalex.org/W1684881896",
"https://openalex.org/W1713382969",
"https://openalex.org/W1757992865",
"https://openalex.org/W1823287156",
"https://openalex.org/W182588465",
"https://openalex.org/W1938868413",
"https://openalex.org/W1963568518",
"https://openalex.org/W1967192702",
"https://openalex.org/W1969489851",
"https://openalex.org/W1971179548",
"https://openalex.org/W1971932043",
"https://openalex.org/W1973266493",
"https://openalex.org/W1975357690",
"https://openalex.org/W1975864669",
"https://openalex.org/W1976699692",
"https://openalex.org/W1978260571",
"https://openalex.org/W1978591698",
"https://openalex.org/W1979575215",
"https://openalex.org/W1979906720",
"https://openalex.org/W1980454186",
"https://openalex.org/W1982143319",
"https://openalex.org/W1983534439",
"https://openalex.org/W1983551064",
"https://openalex.org/W1983639337",
"https://openalex.org/W1984002985",
"https://openalex.org/W1984109354",
"https://openalex.org/W1985937980",
"https://openalex.org/W1986140763",
"https://openalex.org/W1989480829",
"https://openalex.org/W1990737863",
"https://openalex.org/W1992043779",
"https://openalex.org/W1993004738",
"https://openalex.org/W1994109027",
"https://openalex.org/W1995332806",
"https://openalex.org/W1996065666",
"https://openalex.org/W1997484151",
"https://openalex.org/W1997583294",
"https://openalex.org/W2000033372",
"https://openalex.org/W2002513689",
"https://openalex.org/W2002647826",
"https://openalex.org/W2004098857",
"https://openalex.org/W2006443491",
"https://openalex.org/W2006815492",
"https://openalex.org/W2008029538",
"https://openalex.org/W2008405711",
"https://openalex.org/W2008698399",
"https://openalex.org/W2009416084",
"https://openalex.org/W2011367341",
"https://openalex.org/W2011748528",
"https://openalex.org/W2011978437",
"https://openalex.org/W2014003043",
"https://openalex.org/W2016379000",
"https://openalex.org/W2016894032",
"https://openalex.org/W2017392806",
"https://openalex.org/W2019684806",
"https://openalex.org/W2019994703",
"https://openalex.org/W2020223940",
"https://openalex.org/W2024023253",
"https://openalex.org/W2026469375",
"https://openalex.org/W2027917169",
"https://openalex.org/W2028033662",
"https://openalex.org/W2028042351",
"https://openalex.org/W2028061796",
"https://openalex.org/W2029926888",
"https://openalex.org/W2030703398",
"https://openalex.org/W2031095070",
"https://openalex.org/W2032466071",
"https://openalex.org/W2032721900",
"https://openalex.org/W2032849176",
"https://openalex.org/W2033473502",
"https://openalex.org/W2035312272",
"https://openalex.org/W2036750632",
"https://openalex.org/W2037382719",
"https://openalex.org/W2039005694",
"https://openalex.org/W2039091335",
"https://openalex.org/W2040298946",
"https://openalex.org/W2040852952",
"https://openalex.org/W2042120971",
"https://openalex.org/W2043747056",
"https://openalex.org/W2044866939",
"https://openalex.org/W2047447345",
"https://openalex.org/W2048838685",
"https://openalex.org/W2050217215",
"https://openalex.org/W2053385766",
"https://openalex.org/W2055635051",
"https://openalex.org/W2055642755",
"https://openalex.org/W2055711424",
"https://openalex.org/W2055806777",
"https://openalex.org/W2059139248",
"https://openalex.org/W2061895284",
"https://openalex.org/W2062480556",
"https://openalex.org/W2065281224",
"https://openalex.org/W2065694665",
"https://openalex.org/W2067134437",
"https://openalex.org/W2068527782",
"https://openalex.org/W2069282443",
"https://openalex.org/W2069852664",
"https://openalex.org/W2070506998",
"https://openalex.org/W2071172756",
"https://openalex.org/W2072329007",
"https://openalex.org/W2072330998",
"https://openalex.org/W2072559250",
"https://openalex.org/W2072886082",
"https://openalex.org/W2073863738",
"https://openalex.org/W2074184327",
"https://openalex.org/W2074751239",
"https://openalex.org/W2074987021",
"https://openalex.org/W2076663769",
"https://openalex.org/W2078288112",
"https://openalex.org/W2078791042",
"https://openalex.org/W2078840355",
"https://openalex.org/W2080043646",
"https://openalex.org/W2080367040",
"https://openalex.org/W2080780312",
"https://openalex.org/W2081666363",
"https://openalex.org/W2082876123",
"https://openalex.org/W2084481447",
"https://openalex.org/W2086145083",
"https://openalex.org/W2086509057",
"https://openalex.org/W2087195094",
"https://openalex.org/W2087307320",
"https://openalex.org/W2087937118",
"https://openalex.org/W2089668366",
"https://openalex.org/W2091251998",
"https://openalex.org/W2091464461",
"https://openalex.org/W2094018310",
"https://openalex.org/W2094732368",
"https://openalex.org/W2097386376",
"https://openalex.org/W2098000089",
"https://openalex.org/W2098060258",
"https://openalex.org/W2107821570",
"https://openalex.org/W2108296378",
"https://openalex.org/W2110305043",
"https://openalex.org/W2110571900",
"https://openalex.org/W2111184870",
"https://openalex.org/W2111737708",
"https://openalex.org/W2112688502",
"https://openalex.org/W2113593382",
"https://openalex.org/W2131203423",
"https://openalex.org/W2137662186",
"https://openalex.org/W2142681232",
"https://openalex.org/W2149570690",
"https://openalex.org/W2156011668",
"https://openalex.org/W2160285281",
"https://openalex.org/W2166486710",
"https://openalex.org/W2167560029",
"https://openalex.org/W2171435093",
"https://openalex.org/W2197320896",
"https://openalex.org/W2205650473",
"https://openalex.org/W2234812948",
"https://openalex.org/W2251633230",
"https://openalex.org/W2269503615",
"https://openalex.org/W2273442893",
"https://openalex.org/W2275902195",
"https://openalex.org/W2287888758",
"https://openalex.org/W2290037509",
"https://openalex.org/W2315808145",
"https://openalex.org/W2323636345",
"https://openalex.org/W2342415201",
"https://openalex.org/W2418270527",
"https://openalex.org/W242216452",
"https://openalex.org/W2582743722",
"https://openalex.org/W2612615839",
"https://openalex.org/W2745964773",
"https://openalex.org/W2765306156",
"https://openalex.org/W2890622637",
"https://openalex.org/W4248534690",
"https://openalex.org/W4302552826",
"https://openalex.org/W581180846",
"https://openalex.org/W75607173",
"https://openalex.org/W914812714",
"https://openalex.org/W94627035"
],
"referenced_works_count": 185,
"related_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W4388050800",
"https://openalex.org/W4321491365",
"https://openalex.org/W3158949561",
"https://openalex.org/W3047066247",
"https://openalex.org/W2898739134",
"https://openalex.org/W2783167564",
"https://openalex.org/W2515813850",
"https://openalex.org/W2187295827",
"https://openalex.org/W2020323148",
"https://openalex.org/W1995871228"
],
"sustainable_development_goals": [
{
"display_name": "Life below water",
"score": 0.7,
"id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"
}
],
"title": "Rare earth element behavior during groundwater\u2013seawater mixing along the Kona Coast of Hawaii",
"topics": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11740",
"display_name": "Geochemistry of Manganese Oxides in Sedimentary Environments",
"score": 0.9988,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1906",
"display_name": "Geochemistry and Petrology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
"display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10398",
"display_name": "Stable Isotope Analysis of Groundwater and Precipitation",
"score": 0.9976,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1906",
"display_name": "Geochemistry and Petrology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
"display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10017",
"display_name": "Climate Change and Paleoclimatology",
"score": 0.9898,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1902",
"display_name": "Atmospheric Science"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
"display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
}
],
"type": "article",
"type_crossref": "journal-article",
"updated_date": "2024-08-10T21:58:12.454827",
"versions": [],
"qid": null
}
}