Item talk:Q238805

Add topic
There are no discussions on this page.

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Normalized difference vegetation index as an estimator for abundance and quality of avian herbivore forage in arctic Alaska",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70196280",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70196280"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70196280
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.3390/rs9121234",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121234"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Remote Sensing",
     "volumeNumber": "9",
     "issueNumber": "12"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Remote Sensing"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "dateModified": "2022-04-22",
   "abstract": "Tools that can monitor biomass and nutritional quality of forage plants are needed to understand how arctic herbivores may respond to the rapidly changing environment at high latitudes. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been widely used to assess changes in abundance and distribution of terrestrial vegetative communities. However, the efficacy of NDVI to measure seasonal changes in biomass and nutritional quality of forage plants in the Arctic remains largely un-evaluated at landscape and fine-scale levels. We modeled the relationships between NDVI and seasonal changes in aboveground biomass and nitrogen concentration in halophytic graminoids, a key food source for arctic-nesting geese. The model was calibrated based on data collected at one site and validated using data from another site. Effects of spatial scale on model accuracy were determined by comparing model predictions between NDVI derived from moderate resolution (250 \u00d7 250 m pixels) satellite data and high resolution (20 cm diameter area) handheld spectrometer data. NDVI derived from the handheld spectrometer was a superior estimator (R2\u00a0\u2265 0.67) of seasonal changes in aboveground biomass compared to satellite-derived NDVI (R2\u00a0\u2264 0.40). The addition of temperature and precipitation variables to the model for biomass improved fit, but provided minor gains in predictive power beyond that of the NDVI-only model. This model, however, was only a moderately accurate estimator of biomass in an ecologically-similar halophytic graminoid wetland located 100 km away, indicating the necessity for site-specific validation. In contrast to assessments of biomass, satellite-derived NDVI was a better estimator for the timing of peak percent of nitrogen than NDVI derived from the handheld spectrometer. We confirmed that the date when NDVI reached 50% of its seasonal maximum was a reasonable approximation of the period of peak spring vegetative green-up and peak percent nitrogen. This study demonstrates the importance of matching the scale of NDVI measurements to the vegetation properties of biomass and nitrogen phenology.",
   "description": "1234; 21 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "MDPI"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Hupp, Jerry W. jhupp@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Jerry W.",
       "familyName": "Hupp",
       "email": "jhupp@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-6439-3910",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Budde, Michael E. mbudde@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Michael E.",
       "familyName": "Budde",
       "email": "mbudde@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-9098-2751",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-2751"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eros"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Meixell, Brandt W. bmeixell@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Brandt W.",
       "familyName": "Meixell",
       "email": "bmeixell@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-6738-0349",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Ruthrauff, Daniel R. druthrauff@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Daniel R.",
       "familyName": "Ruthrauff",
       "email": "druthrauff@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0003-1355-9156",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Patil, Vijay P. vpatil@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Vijay P.",
       "familyName": "Patil",
       "email": "vpatil@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-9357-194X",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-194X"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Hogrefe, Kyle R. khogrefe@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Kyle R.",
       "familyName": "Hogrefe",
       "email": "khogrefe@usgs.gov",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Ward, David H. dward@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "David H.",
       "familyName": "Ward",
       "email": "dward@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-5242-2526",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Alaska Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eros"
     }
   ],
   "spatialCoverage": [
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "country",
       "name": "United States",
       "url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "state",
       "name": "Alaska"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "geo": [
         {
           "@type": "GeoShape",
           "additionalProperty": {
             "@type": "PropertyValue",
             "name": "GeoJSON",
             "value": {
               "type": "FeatureCollection",
               "features": [
                 {
                   "type": "Feature",
                   "properties": {},
                   "geometry": {
                     "type": "Polygon",
                     "coordinates": [
                       [
                         [
                           -150.79,
                           70.455
                         ],
                         [
                           -150.75,
                           70.455
                         ],
                         [
                           -150.75,
                           70.467
                         ],
                         [
                           -150.79,
                           70.467
                         ],
                         [
                           -150.79,
                           70.455
                         ]
                       ]
                     ]
                   }
                 }
               ]
             }
           }
         },
         {
           "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
           "latitude": 70.461,
           "longitude": -150.76999999999998
         }
       ]
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "Tools": [
       0
     ],
     "that": [
       1,
       204,
       265
     ],
     "can": [
       2
     ],
     "monitor": [
       3
     ],
     "biomass": [
       4,
       59,
       88,
       174,
       193,
       219,
       309
     ],
     "and": [
       5,
       43,
       60,
       74,
       83,
       89,
       113,
       146,
       186,
       288,
       310
     ],
     "nutritional": [
       6,
       61
     ],
     "quality": [
       7,
       62
     ],
     "of": [
       8,
       45,
       52,
       63,
       121,
       169,
       184,
       205,
       218,
       240,
       251,
       254,
       272,
       280,
       283,
       297,
       301,
       308
     ],
     "forage": [
       9,
       64
     ],
     "plants": [
       10,
       65
     ],
     "are": [
       11
     ],
     "needed": [
       12
     ],
     "to": [
       13,
       20,
       38,
       54,
       176,
       189,
       238,
       304
     ],
     "understand": [
       14
     ],
     "how": [
       15
     ],
     "arctic": [
       16
     ],
     "herbivores": [
       17
     ],
     "may": [
       18
     ],
     "respond": [
       19
     ],
     "the": [
       21,
       50,
       67,
       79,
       159,
       190,
       206,
       231,
       249,
       260,
       266,
       281,
       295,
       299,
       305
     ],
     "rapidly": [
       22
     ],
     "changing": [
       23
     ],
     "environment": [
       24
     ],
     "at": [
       25,
       72,
       110
     ],
     "high": [
       26,
       147
     ],
     "latitudes.": [
       27
     ],
     "The": [
       28,
       102,
       182
     ],
     "Normalized": [
       29
     ],
     "Difference": [
       30
     ],
     "Vegetation": [
       31
     ],
     "Index": [
       32
     ],
     "(NDVI)": [
       33
     ],
     "has": [
       34
     ],
     "been": [
       35
     ],
     "widely": [
       36
     ],
     "used": [
       37
     ],
     "assess": [
       39
     ],
     "changes": [
       40,
       57,
       85,
       171
     ],
     "in": [
       41,
       58,
       66,
       86,
       92,
       172,
       200,
       220
     ],
     "abundance": [
       42
     ],
     "distribution": [
       44
     ],
     "terrestrial": [
       46
     ],
     "vegetative": [
       47,
       286
     ],
     "communities.": [
       48
     ],
     "However,": [
       49
     ],
     "efficacy": [
       51
     ],
     "NDVI": [
       53,
       82,
       134,
       156,
       178,
       243,
       257,
       269,
       302
     ],
     "measure": [
       55
     ],
     "seasonal": [
       56,
       84,
       170,
       274
     ],
     "Arctic": [
       68
     ],
     "remains": [
       69
     ],
     "largely": [
       70
     ],
     "un-evaluated": [
       71
     ],
     "landscape": [
       73
     ],
     "fine-scale": [
       75
     ],
     "levels.": [
       76
     ],
     "We": [
       77,
       263
     ],
     "modeled": [
       78
     ],
     "relationships": [
       80
     ],
     "between": [
       81,
       133
     ],
     "aboveground": [
       87,
       173
     ],
     "nitrogen": [
       90,
       255,
       311
     ],
     "concentration": [
       91
     ],
     "halophytic": [
       93,
       223
     ],
     "graminoids,": [
       94
     ],
     "a": [
       95,
       163,
       214,
       245,
       277
     ],
     "key": [
       96
     ],
     "food": [
       97
     ],
     "source": [
       98
     ],
     "for": [
       99,
       192,
       233,
       248
     ],
     "arctic-nesting": [
       100
     ],
     "geese.": [
       101
     ],
     "model": [
       103,
       125,
       131,
       191
     ],
     "was": [
       104,
       162,
       212,
       244,
       276
     ],
     "calibrated": [
       105
     ],
     "based": [
       106
     ],
     "on": [
       107,
       124
     ],
     "data": [
       108,
       116,
       145
     ],
     "collected": [
       109
     ],
     "one": [
       111
     ],
     "site": [
       112
     ],
     "validated": [
       114
     ],
     "using": [
       115
     ],
     "from": [
       117,
       136,
       158,
       259
     ],
     "another": [
       118
     ],
     "site.": [
       119
     ],
     "Effects": [
       120
     ],
     "spatial": [
       122
     ],
     "scale": [
       123,
       300
     ],
     "accuracy": [
       126
     ],
     "were": [
       127
     ],
     "determined": [
       128
     ],
     "by": [
       129
     ],
     "comparing": [
       130
     ],
     "predictions": [
       132
     ],
     "derived": [
       135,
       157,
       258
     ],
     "moderate": [
       137
     ],
     "resolution": [
       138,
       148
     ],
     "(250": [
       139
     ],
     "\u00d7": [
       140
     ],
     "250": [
       141
     ],
     "m": [
       142
     ],
     "pixels)": [
       143
     ],
     "satellite": [
       144
     ],
     "(20": [
       149
     ],
     "cm": [
       150
     ],
     "diameter": [
       151
     ],
     "area)": [
       152
     ],
     "handheld": [
       153,
       160,
       261
     ],
     "spectrometer": [
       154,
       161
     ],
     "data.": [
       155
     ],
     "superior": [
       164
     ],
     "estimator": [
       165,
       217,
       247
     ],
     "(R2": [
       166,
       179
     ],
     "\u2265": [
       167
     ],
     "0.67)": [
       168
     ],
     "compared": [
       175
     ],
     "satellite-derived": [
       177,
       242
     ],
     "\u2264": [
       180
     ],
     "0.40).": [
       181
     ],
     "addition": [
       183
     ],
     "temperature": [
       185
     ],
     "precipitation": [
       187
     ],
     "variables": [
       188
     ],
     "improved": [
       194
     ],
     "fit,": [
       195
     ],
     "but": [
       196
     ],
     "provided": [
       197
     ],
     "minor": [
       198
     ],
     "gains": [
       199
     ],
     "predictive": [
       201
     ],
     "power": [
       202
     ],
     "beyond": [
       203
     ],
     "NDVI-only": [
       207
     ],
     "model.": [
       208
     ],
     "This": [
       209,
       292
     ],
     "model,": [
       210
     ],
     "however,": [
       211
     ],
     "only": [
       213
     ],
     "moderately": [
       215
     ],
     "accurate": [
       216
     ],
     "an": [
       221
     ],
     "ecologically-similar": [
       222
     ],
     "graminoid": [
       224
     ],
     "wetland": [
       225
     ],
     "located": [
       226
     ],
     "100": [
       227
     ],
     "km": [
       228
     ],
     "away,": [
       229
     ],
     "indicating": [
       230
     ],
     "necessity": [
       232
     ],
     "site-specific": [
       234
     ],
     "validation.": [
       235
     ],
     "In": [
       236
     ],
     "contrast": [
       237
     ],
     "assessments": [
       239
     ],
     "biomass,": [
       241
     ],
     "better": [
       246
     ],
     "timing": [
       250
     ],
     "peak": [
       252,
       284,
       289
     ],
     "percent": [
       253,
       290
     ],
     "than": [
       256
     ],
     "spectrometer.": [
       262
     ],
     "confirmed": [
       264
     ],
     "date": [
       267
     ],
     "when": [
       268
     ],
     "reached": [
       270
     ],
     "50%": [
       271
     ],
     "its": [
       273
     ],
     "maximum": [
       275
     ],
     "reasonable": [
       278
     ],
     "approximation": [
       279
     ],
     "period": [
       282
     ],
     "spring": [
       285
     ],
     "green-up": [
       287
     ],
     "nitrogen.": [
       291
     ],
     "study": [
       293
     ],
     "demonstrates": [
       294
     ],
     "importance": [
       296
     ],
     "matching": [
       298
     ],
     "measurements": [
       303
     ],
     "vegetation": [
       306
     ],
     "properties": [
       307
     ],
     "phenology.": [
       312
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": {
     "value": 2500,
     "currency": "CHF",
     "value_usd": 2707,
     "provenance": "doaj"
   },
   "apc_paid": {
     "value": 2500,
     "currency": "CHF",
     "value_usd": 2707,
     "provenance": "doaj"
   },
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5028837206",
         "display_name": "Kyle R. Hogrefe",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Kyle Hogrefe",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5005359190",
         "display_name": "Vijay P. Patil",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-194X"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Vijay Patil",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5074256372",
         "display_name": "Daniel R. Ruthrauff",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Daniel Ruthrauff",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5090094325",
         "display_name": "Brandt W. Meixell",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Brandt Meixell",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5088843854",
         "display_name": "Michael Budde",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-2751"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Michael Budde",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 47914 252nd Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57198, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 47914 252nd Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57198, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5013276942",
         "display_name": "Jerry W. Hupp",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Jerry Hupp",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "last",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5032298933",
         "display_name": "David H. Ward",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": true,
       "raw_author_name": "David Ward",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121234",
     "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1234/pdf?version=1512100615",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S43295729",
       "display_name": "Remote Sensing",
       "issn_l": "2072-4292",
       "issn": [
         "2072-4292"
       ],
       "is_oa": true,
       "is_in_doaj": true,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987",
       "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310310987"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": "cc-by",
     "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "biblio": {
     "volume": "9",
     "issue": "12",
     "first_page": "1234",
     "last_page": "1234"
   },
   "citation_normalized_percentile": {
     "value": 0.851182,
     "is_in_top_1_percent": false,
     "is_in_top_10_percent": false
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2772275873",
   "cited_by_count": 46,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 96,
     "max": 97
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C1549246",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775",
       "display_name": "Normalized Difference Vegetation Index",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.85358745
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847",
       "display_name": "Environmental science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.79083085
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C115540264",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560",
       "display_name": "Biomass (ecology)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6463549
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778592698",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12363071",
       "display_name": "Graminoid",
       "level": 4,
       "score": 0.5170139
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776133958",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366",
       "display_name": "Vegetation (pathology)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.4547935
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775835988",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006733",
       "display_name": "Grassland",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.44622016
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C78869512",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5378810",
       "display_name": "Enhanced vegetation index",
       "level": 5,
       "score": 0.43131375
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C100970517",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107",
       "display_name": "Physical geography",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.37151065
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687",
       "display_name": "Remote sensing",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.3384661
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
       "display_name": "Ecology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.309206
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C25989453",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746",
       "display_name": "Leaf area index",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.2818104
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C150436541",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5467207",
       "display_name": "Forb",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.2238912
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071",
       "display_name": "Geography",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.10763678
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
       "display_name": "Biology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.103405386
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780376076",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1499458",
       "display_name": "Vegetation Index",
       "level": 4,
       "score": 0.08807704
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208",
       "display_name": "Pathology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190",
       "display_name": "Medicine",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.0
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [
     "https://openalex.org/A5032298933"
   ],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [
     "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
   ],
   "countries_distinct_count": 1,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2024,
       "cited_by_count": 3
     },
     {
       "year": 2023,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2022,
       "cited_by_count": 8
     },
     {
       "year": 2021,
       "cited_by_count": 11
     },
     {
       "year": 2020,
       "cited_by_count": 12
     },
     {
       "year": 2019,
       "cited_by_count": 9
     },
     {
       "year": 2018,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2017-12-22",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "Normalized Difference Vegetation Index as an Estimator for Abundance and Quality of Avian Herbivore Forage in Arctic Alaska",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121234",
   "fulltext_origin": "pdf",
   "fwci": 3.399,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": true,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W2772275873",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2772275873",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121234",
     "mag": "2772275873"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref",
     "doaj"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 1,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-change",
       "display_name": "Vegetation Change",
       "score": 0.53594
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/graminoid",
       "display_name": "Graminoid",
       "score": 0.5170139
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-vegetation-index",
       "display_name": "Enhanced vegetation index",
       "score": 0.43131375
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": true,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121234",
       "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1234/pdf?version=1512100615",
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S43295729",
         "display_name": "Remote Sensing",
         "issn_l": "2072-4292",
         "issn": [
           "2072-4292"
         ],
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": true,
         "is_core": true,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987",
         "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4310310987"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"
         ],
         "type": "journal"
       },
       "license": "cc-by",
       "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
       "version": "publishedVersion",
       "is_accepted": true,
       "is_published": true
     },
     {
       "is_oa": false,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/4d01f01549f647a890e1d337f4a34e6b",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
         "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
         "issn_l": null,
         "issn": null,
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": false,
         "host_organization": null,
         "host_organization_name": null,
         "host_organization_lineage": [],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [],
         "type": "repository"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": null,
       "is_accepted": false,
       "is_published": false
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 2,
   "mesh": [],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2772275873/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "oa_status": "gold",
     "oa_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1234/pdf?version=1512100615",
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": false
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121234",
     "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1234/pdf?version=1512100615",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S43295729",
       "display_name": "Remote Sensing",
       "issn_l": "2072-4292",
       "issn": [
         "2072-4292"
       ],
       "is_oa": true,
       "is_in_doaj": true,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987",
       "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310310987"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": "cc-by",
     "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11333",
     "display_name": "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change",
     "score": 0.9962,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1902",
       "display_name": "Atmospheric Science"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
       "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
       "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2017-11-29",
   "publication_year": 2017,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W110121812",
     "https://openalex.org/W1963497235",
     "https://openalex.org/W1977035623",
     "https://openalex.org/W1981978730",
     "https://openalex.org/W1984737009",
     "https://openalex.org/W1990839272",
     "https://openalex.org/W1994865037",
     "https://openalex.org/W1994936507",
     "https://openalex.org/W1998738673",
     "https://openalex.org/W2007468519",
     "https://openalex.org/W2007951776",
     "https://openalex.org/W2008416314",
     "https://openalex.org/W2009202065",
     "https://openalex.org/W2009435671",
     "https://openalex.org/W2019081328",
     "https://openalex.org/W2019655958",
     "https://openalex.org/W2024211568",
     "https://openalex.org/W2031278057",
     "https://openalex.org/W2032202734",
     "https://openalex.org/W2033823231",
     "https://openalex.org/W2034834481",
     "https://openalex.org/W2036706101",
     "https://openalex.org/W2049062824",
     "https://openalex.org/W2050282851",
     "https://openalex.org/W2059517161",
     "https://openalex.org/W2063362952",
     "https://openalex.org/W2067892620",
     "https://openalex.org/W2079613925",
     "https://openalex.org/W2088174995",
     "https://openalex.org/W2089803603",
     "https://openalex.org/W2090236055",
     "https://openalex.org/W2092722122",
     "https://openalex.org/W2093682395",
     "https://openalex.org/W2096659289",
     "https://openalex.org/W2111497812",
     "https://openalex.org/W2113410727",
     "https://openalex.org/W2114983831",
     "https://openalex.org/W2122400352",
     "https://openalex.org/W2135686383",
     "https://openalex.org/W2142648698",
     "https://openalex.org/W2143193298",
     "https://openalex.org/W2148864656",
     "https://openalex.org/W2153989276",
     "https://openalex.org/W2162134303",
     "https://openalex.org/W2163504043",
     "https://openalex.org/W2178170544",
     "https://openalex.org/W2183734934",
     "https://openalex.org/W2258625715",
     "https://openalex.org/W2318368179",
     "https://openalex.org/W2326665389",
     "https://openalex.org/W2347496357",
     "https://openalex.org/W2402689907",
     "https://openalex.org/W2491477437",
     "https://openalex.org/W2556551926",
     "https://openalex.org/W2590608006",
     "https://openalex.org/W2593988964",
     "https://openalex.org/W2603625598",
     "https://openalex.org/W2606361158",
     "https://openalex.org/W2735880068",
     "https://openalex.org/W2913431146",
     "https://openalex.org/W4249940406",
     "https://openalex.org/W4299625508",
     "https://openalex.org/W4399573086"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 63,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W4387131574",
     "https://openalex.org/W4378980784",
     "https://openalex.org/W3207384893",
     "https://openalex.org/W3207046288",
     "https://openalex.org/W3183766399",
     "https://openalex.org/W3173165341",
     "https://openalex.org/W2921646734",
     "https://openalex.org/W2374167006",
     "https://openalex.org/W2250171873",
     "https://openalex.org/W2144855297"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [],
   "title": "Normalized Difference Vegetation Index as an Estimator for Abundance and Quality of Avian Herbivore Forage in Arctic Alaska",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11333",
       "display_name": "Arctic Permafrost Dynamics and Climate Change",
       "score": 0.9962,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1902",
         "display_name": "Atmospheric Science"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13388",
       "display_name": "Factors Affecting Sagebrush Ecosystems and Wildlife Conservation",
       "score": 0.9893,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
         "display_name": "Ecology"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10895",
       "display_name": "Species Distribution Modeling and Climate Change Impacts",
       "score": 0.9883,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2302",
         "display_name": "Ecological Modeling"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "article",
   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-14T13:50:54.869351",
   "versions": []
 }

}

Return to "Q238805" page.