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We used data from 33 sites in western Montana to quantify climate associations with native bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and non-native brown trout (Salmo trutta) abundance and population growth rates (\u03bb). We estimated \u03bb using exponential growth state space models and delineated study sites based on bull trout use for either Spawning and Rearing (SR) or Foraging, Migrating, and Overwintering (FMO) habitat. Bull trout abundance was negatively associated with mean August stream temperatures within SR habitat (r = -0.75). Brown trout abundance was generally highest at temperatures between 12 and 14\u00b0C. We found bull trout \u03bb were generally stable at sites with mean August temperature below 10\u00b0C but significantly decreasing, rare, or extirpated at 58% of the sites with temperatures exceeding 10\u00b0C. Brown trout \u03bb were highest in SR and sites with temperatures exceeding 12\u00b0C. 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