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"USGS Publications Warehouse": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "additionalType": "Journal Article", "name": "Long term changes in trout numbers following channel reconstruction, instream wood placement, and livestock removal from a spring creek in the Blackfoot Basin, Montana", "identifier": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "70249836", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70249836" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID", "value": 70249836 }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.1080/00028487.2014.982261", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.982261" } ], "journal": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Transactions of the American Fisheries Society", "volumeNumber": "144", "issueNumber": "1" }, "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": [ { "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries", "name": "Transactions of the American Fisheries Society" } ], "datePublished": "2015", "dateModified": "2023-11-01", "abstract": "To restore habitat for wild trout, Kleinschmidt Creek, a low-gradient, groundwater-dominated stream in the Blackfoot Basin, Montana, was reconstructed using natural channel design principles. Reconstruction increased stream sinuosity from a ratio of 1.1 to 1.6, decreased mean channel width from 14.5 to 2.8\u00a0m, and increased sediment transport capacity to reduce accumulations of fine instream sediment. To further improve trout habitat, coarse woody debris (CWD) was variably placed within the new channel and livestock were excluded to promote the vegetative recovery of the riparian area. To evaluate the response of wild trout (92% Brown Trout\u00a0Salmo trutta) to channel restoration, the abundance (number of trout per linear meter) and biomass (g/linear m) of age 1+ trout were monitored for 15\u00a0years (1998\u20132012) in a reach with low density CWD (1.3 stems/100\u00a0m) and compared with regional (reference) trends. Posttreatment (2002\u20132012) trout numbers in the low-density CWD reach were also compared with those in a reach with high-density CWD (18.2 stems/100\u00a0m). Long-term trends for the reference reaches showed a significant negative trend in trout abundance and no significant trend for biomass. Long-term trends for the low-density CWD reach showed a significant positive trend in abundance, as well as a significant trend in biomass. Trout abundance and biomass increased over the posttreatment period in the low-density CWD reach. However, in the high density CWD reach, while posttreatment abundance increased significantly, there was no significant trend in biomass. These results demonstrated that channel restoration increased wild trout populations in a deep, narrow, vegetated stream and that instream wood provided primarily short-term benefits during the early phase of habitat recovery.", "description": "12 p.", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Taylor and Francis" }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Pierce, Ron", "givenName": "Ron", "familyName": "Pierce", "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Kalispell, Montana 59901, USA" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Podner, Craig", "givenName": "Craig", "familyName": "Podner" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jones, Leslie A. lajones@usgs.gov", "givenName": "Leslie A.", "familyName": "Jones", "email": "lajones@usgs.gov", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-4953-7189", "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4953-7189" }, "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Northern 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