{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "additionalType": "Journal Article", "name": "Faunal responses to fire in chaparral and sage scrub in California, USA", "identifier": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "70160013", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70160013" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID", "value": 70160013 }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "url": "https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.1103128" } ], "journal": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Fire Ecology", "volumeNumber": "11", "issueNumber": "3" }, "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": [ { "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries", "name": "Fire Ecology" } ], "datePublished": "2015", "dateModified": "2015-12-09", "abstract": "Impact of fire on California shrublands has been well studied but nearly all of this work has focused on plant communities. Impact on and recovery of the chaparral fauna has received only scattered attention; this paper synthesizes what is known in this regard for the diversity of animal taxa associated with California shrublands and outlines the primary differences between plant and animal responses to fire. We evaluated the primary faunal modes of resisting fire effects in three categories: 1) endogenous survival in a diapause or diapause-like stage, 2) sheltering in place within unburned refugia, or 3) fleeing and recolonizing. Utilizing these patterns in chaparral and sagescrub, as well as some studies on animals in other mediterranean-climate ecosystems, we derived generalizations about how plants and animals differ in their responses to fire impacts and their post fire recovery. One consequence of these differences is that variation in fire behavior has a much greater potential to affect animals than plants. For example, plants recover from fire endogenously from soil-stored seeds and resprouts, so fire size plays a limited role in determining recovery patterns. However, animals that depend on recolonization of burned sites from metapopulations may be greatly affected by fire size. Animal recolonization may also be greatly affected by regional land use patterns that affect colonization corridors, whereas such regional factors play a minimal role in plant community recovery. Fire characteristics such as rate of spread and fire intensity do not appear to play an important role in determining patterns of chaparral and sage scrub plant recovery after fire. However, these fire behavior characteristics may have a profound role in determining survivorship of some animal populations as slow-moving, smoldering combustion may limit survivorship of animals in burrows, whereas fast-moving, high intensity fires may affect survivorship of animals in above ground refugia or those attempting to flee. Thus, fire regime characteristics may have a much greater effect on postfire recovery of animal communities than plant communities in these shrubland ecosystems.", "description": "21 p.", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Association for Fire Ecology" }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "van Mantgem, Elizabeth evanmantgem@usgs.gov", "givenName": "Elizabeth", "familyName": "van Mantgem", "email": "evanmantgem@usgs.gov", "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Western Ecological Research Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/werc" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Keeley, Jon E. jon_keeley@usgs.gov", "givenName": "Jon E.", "familyName": "Keeley", "email": "jon_keeley@usgs.gov", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-4564-6521", "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521" }, "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Western Ecological Research Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/werc" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Witter, Marti", "givenName": "Marti", "familyName": "Witter", "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "NPS, Santa Monica Mountains NRA" } ] } ], "funder": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Western Ecological Research Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/werc" } ] }, "OpenAlex": { "abstract_inverted_index": { "Abstract": [ 0 ], "Impact": [ 1, 22 ], "of": [ 2, 14, 26, 47, 72, 140, 188, 233, 249, 271, 282, 294, 317 ], "fire": [ 3, 74, 132, 147, 164, 172, 198, 236, 260, 305 ], "on": [ 4, 19, 23, 113, 186, 314 ], "California": [ 5, 52 ], "shrublands": [ 6, 53 ], "has": [ 7, 17, 30, 149 ], "been": [ 8 ], "well": [ 9, 109 ], "studied": [ 10 ], "but": [ 11 ], "nearly": [ 12 ], "all": [ 13 ], "this": [ 15, 35, 42 ], "work": [ 16 ], "focused": [ 18 ], "plant": [ 20, 60, 225, 254, 321 ], "communities.": [ 21 ], "and": [ 24, 54, 61, 98, 105, 125, 134, 169, 235, 251 ], "recovery": [ 25, 180, 255, 316 ], "the": [ 27, 45, 56, 68 ], "chaparral": [ 28, 104, 250 ], "fauna": [ 29 ], "received": [ 31 ], "only": [ 32 ], "scattered": [ 33 ], "attention;": [ 34 ], "paper": [ 36 ], "synthesizes": [ 37 ], "what": [ 38 ], "is": [ 39, 143 ], "known": [ 40 ], "in": [ 41, 76, 82, 90, 103, 115, 128, 146, 178, 224, 246, 268, 284, 296, 323 ], "regard": [ 43 ], "for": [ 44 ], "diversity": [ 46 ], "animal": [ 48, 62, 273, 318 ], "taxa": [ 49 ], "associated": [ 50 ], "with": [ 51 ], "outlines": [ 55 ], "primary": [ 57, 69 ], "differences": [ 58, 142 ], "between": [ 59 ], "responses": [ 63, 130 ], "to": [ 64, 131, 154, 241, 302 ], "fire.": [ 65, 257 ], "We": [ 66 ], "evaluated": [ 67 ], "faunal": [ 70 ], "modes": [ 71 ], "resisting": [ 73 ], "effects": [ 75 ], "three": [ 77 ], "categories:": [ 78 ], "1)": [ 79 ], "endogenous": [ 80 ], "survival": [ 81 ], "a": [ 83, 150, 175, 221, 265, 310 ], "diapause": [ 84 ], "or": [ 85, 95, 299 ], "diapause-like": [ 86 ], "stage,": [ 87 ], "2)": [ 88 ], "sheltering": [ 89 ], "place": [ 91 ], "within": [ 92 ], "unburned": [ 93 ], "refugia,": [ 94 ], "3)": [ 96 ], "fleeing": [ 97 ], "recolonizing.": [ 99 ], "Utilizing": [ 100 ], "these": [ 101, 141, 259, 324 ], "patterns": [ 102, 211, 248 ], "sage": [ 106, 252 ], "scrub,": [ 107 ], "as": [ 108, 110, 231, 275 ], "some": [ 111, 272 ], "studies": [ 112 ], "animals": [ 114, 126, 156, 183, 283, 295 ], "other": [ 116 ], "mediterranean-climate": [ 117 ], "ecosystems,": [ 118 ], "we": [ 119 ], "derived": [ 120 ], "generalizations": [ 121 ], "about": [ 122 ], "how": [ 123 ], "plants": [ 124, 161 ], "differ": [ 127 ], "their": [ 129, 135 ], "impacts": [ 133 ], "postfire": [ 136, 315 ], "recovery.": [ 137, 227 ], "One": [ 138 ], "consequence": [ 139 ], "that": [ 144, 184, 212 ], "variation": [ 145 ], "behavior": [ 148, 261 ], "much": [ 151, 311 ], "greater": [ 152, 312 ], "potential": [ 153 ], "affect": [ 155, 213, 292 ], "than": [ 157, 320 ], "plants.": [ 158 ], "For": [ 159 ], "example,": [ 160 ], "recover": [ 162 ], "from": [ 163, 166, 191 ], "endogenously": [ 165 ], "soil-stored": [ 167 ], "seeds": [ 168 ], "resprouts,": [ 170 ], "so": [ 171 ], "size": [ 173 ], "plays": [ 174 ], "limited": [ 176 ], "role": [ 177, 223, 245, 267 ], "determining": [ 179, 247, 269 ], "patterns.": [ 181 ], "However,": [ 182, 258 ], "depend": [ 185 ], "recolonization": [ 187, 201 ], "burned": [ 189 ], "sites": [ 190 ], "metapopulations": [ 192 ], "may": [ 193, 202, 263, 279, 291, 308 ], "be": [ 194, 204 ], "greatly": [ 195, 205 ], "affected": [ 196, 206 ], "by": [ 197, 207 ], "size.": [ 199 ], "Animal": [ 200 ], "also": [ 203 ], "regional": [ 208, 218 ], "land": [ 209 ], "use": [ 210 ], "colonization": [ 214 ], "corridors,": [ 215 ], "whereas": [ 216, 286 ], "such": [ 217, 230 ], "factors": [ 219 ], "play": [ 220, 242 ], "minimal": [ 222 ], "community": [ 226 ], "Fire": [ 228 ], "characteristics": [ 229, 262, 307 ], "rate": [ 232 ], "spread": [ 234 ], "intensity": [ 237, 289 ], "do": [ 238 ], "not": [ 239 ], "appear": [ 240 ], "an": [ 243 ], "important": [ 244 ], "scrub": [ 253 ], "after": [ 256 ], "have": [ 264, 309 ], "profound": [ 266 ], "survivorship": [ 270, 281, 293 ], "populations": [ 274 ], "slow-moving,": [ 276 ], "smoldering": [ 277 ], "combustion": [ 278 ], "limit": [ 280 ], "burrows,": [ 285 ], "fast-moving,": [ 287 ], "high": [ 288 ], "fires": [ 290 ], "aboveground": [ 297 ], "refugia": [ 298 ], "those": [ 300 ], "attempting": [ 301 ], "flee.": [ 303 ], "Thus,": [ 304 ], "regime": [ 306 ], "effect": [ 313 ], "communities": [ 319, 322 ], "shrubland": [ 325 ], "ecosystems.": [ 326 ] }, "apc_list": { "value": 1290, "currency": "GBP", "value_usd": 1582, "provenance": "doaj" }, "apc_paid": { "value": 1290, "currency": "GBP", "value_usd": 1582, "provenance": "doaj" }, "authorships": [ { "author_position": "first", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5046723564", "display_name": "Elizabeth F. van Mantgem", "orcid": null }, "institutions": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397", "display_name": "United States Geological Survey", "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863", "country_code": "US", "type": "government", "lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/I1286329397", "https://openalex.org/I1335927249" ] } ], "countries": [ "US" ], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Elizabeth F. van Mantgem", "raw_affiliation_strings": [ "Western Ecological Research Center, Sequoia-Kings Canyon Field Station, US Geological Survey, 47050 Generals Highway, Three Rivers, California, 93271-9651, USA" ], "affiliations": [ { "raw_affiliation_string": "Western Ecological Research Center, Sequoia-Kings Canyon Field Station, US Geological Survey, 47050 Generals Highway, Three Rivers, California, 93271-9651, USA", "institution_ids": [ "https://openalex.org/I1286329397" ] } ] }, { "author_position": "middle", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5062019511", "display_name": "Jon E. Keeley", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521" }, "institutions": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397", "display_name": "United States Geological Survey", "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863", "country_code": "US", "type": "government", "lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/I1286329397", "https://openalex.org/I1335927249" ] } ], "countries": [ "US" ], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jon E. Keeley", "raw_affiliation_strings": [ "Western Ecological Research Center, Sequoia-Kings Canyon Field Station, US Geological Survey, 47050 Generals Highway, Three Rivers, California, 93271-9651, USA" ], "affiliations": [ { "raw_affiliation_string": "Western Ecological Research Center, Sequoia-Kings Canyon Field Station, US Geological Survey, 47050 Generals Highway, Three Rivers, California, 93271-9651, USA", "institution_ids": [ "https://openalex.org/I1286329397" ] } ] }, { "author_position": "last", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5038987086", "display_name": "Marti Witter", "orcid": null }, "institutions": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/I1304808963", "display_name": "National Park Service", "ror": "https://ror.org/044zqqy65", "country_code": "US", "type": "government", "lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/I1304808963", "https://openalex.org/I1335927249" ] } ], "countries": [ "US" ], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Marti Witter", "raw_affiliation_strings": [ "Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area, National Park Service, 401 West Hillcrest Drive, Thousand Oaks, California, 91360, USA" ], "affiliations": [ { "raw_affiliation_string": "Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area, National Park Service, 401 West Hillcrest Drive, Thousand Oaks, California, 91360, USA", "institution_ids": [ "https://openalex.org/I1304808963" ] } ] } ], "best_oa_location": { "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "pdf_url": "https://fireecology.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "source": { "id": "https://openalex.org/S22619840", "display_name": "Fire Ecology", "issn_l": "1933-9747", "issn": [ "1933-9747" ], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/P4310319965", "https://openalex.org/P4310319900" ], "host_organization_lineage_names": [ "Springer Nature", "Springer Science+Business Media" ], "type": "journal" }, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true }, "biblio": { "volume": "11", "issue": "3", "first_page": "128", "last_page": "148" }, "citation_normalized_percentile": { "value": 0.893023, "is_in_top_1_percent": false, "is_in_top_10_percent": false }, "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2192074387", "cited_by_count": 52, "cited_by_percentile_year": { "min": 96, "max": 97 }, "concepts": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/C2777707811", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842123", "display_name": "Chaparral", "level": 2, "score": 0.9569399 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C59898753", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879641", "display_name": "Shrubland", "level": 3, "score": 0.8653317 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150", "display_name": "Ecology", "level": 1, "score": 0.6697963 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C89736061", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451644", "display_name": "Fire regime", "level": 3, "score": 0.50971574 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C195330766", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1409472", "display_name": "Fire ecology", "level": 3, "score": 0.4916945 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778091200", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42295", "display_name": "Shrub", "level": 2, "score": 0.45813373 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C125471540", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104021", "display_name": "Fauna", "level": 2, "score": 0.45096168 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C150436541", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5467207", "display_name": "Forb", "level": 3, "score": 0.43523544 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071", "display_name": "Geography", "level": 0, "score": 0.41658732 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C110872660", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813", "display_name": "Ecosystem", "level": 2, "score": 0.36967033 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420", "display_name": "Biology", "level": 0, "score": 0.36051303 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775835988", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006733", "display_name": "Grassland", "level": 2, "score": 0.17997125 } ], "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "counts_by_year": [ { "year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 9 }, { "year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 9 }, { "year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 7 }, { "year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 7 }, { "year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 1 }, { "year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 4 }, { "year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 10 }, { "year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 3 }, { "year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 2 } ], "created_date": "2016-06-24", "datasets": [], "display_name": "Faunal Responses to Fire in Chaparral and Sage Scrub in California, USA", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "fulltext_origin": "pdf", "fwci": 2.86, "grants": [], "has_fulltext": true, "id": "https://openalex.org/W2192074387", "ids": { "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2192074387", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "mag": "2192074387" }, "indexed_in": [ "crossref" ], "institutions_distinct_count": 2, "is_paratext": false, "is_retracted": false, "keywords": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/chaparral", "display_name": "Chaparral", "score": 0.9569399 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/shrubland", "display_name": "Shrubland", "score": 0.8653317 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-regime", "display_name": "Fire regime", "score": 0.50971574 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-ecology", "display_name": "Fire ecology", "score": 0.4916945 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-fragmentation", "display_name": "Habitat Fragmentation", "score": 0.452699 } ], "language": "en", "locations": [ { "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "pdf_url": "https://fireecology.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "source": { "id": "https://openalex.org/S22619840", "display_name": "Fire Ecology", "issn_l": "1933-9747", "issn": [ "1933-9747" ], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/P4310319965", "https://openalex.org/P4310319900" ], "host_organization_lineage_names": [ "Springer Nature", "Springer Science+Business Media" ], "type": "journal" }, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true } ], "locations_count": 1, "mesh": [], "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2192074387/ngrams", "open_access": { "is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://fireecology.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "any_repository_has_fulltext": false }, "primary_location": { "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "pdf_url": "https://fireecology.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.4996/fireecology.1103128", "source": { "id": "https://openalex.org/S22619840", "display_name": "Fire Ecology", "issn_l": "1933-9747", "issn": [ "1933-9747" ], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/P4310319965", "https://openalex.org/P4310319900" ], "host_organization_lineage_names": [ "Springer Nature", "Springer Science+Business Media" ], "type": "journal" }, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true }, "primary_topic": { "id": "https://openalex.org/T10555", "display_name": "Impact of Climate Change on Forest Wildfires", "score": 1.0, "subfield": { "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change" }, "field": { "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science" }, "domain": { "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences" } }, "publication_date": "2015-12-01", "publication_year": 2015, "referenced_works": [ "https://openalex.org/W109041975", "https://openalex.org/W1500877190", "https://openalex.org/W1587764131", "https://openalex.org/W1588433721", "https://openalex.org/W1606040624", "https://openalex.org/W1643139664", "https://openalex.org/W1673911344", "https://openalex.org/W1808256330", "https://openalex.org/W181254378", "https://openalex.org/W1820801600", "https://openalex.org/W1854921295", "https://openalex.org/W1963641551", "https://openalex.org/W1965924873", "https://openalex.org/W1969733700", "https://openalex.org/W1971306837", "https://openalex.org/W1975215422", "https://openalex.org/W1975298927", "https://openalex.org/W1976150589", "https://openalex.org/W1983094241", "https://openalex.org/W1988921989", "https://openalex.org/W1989849167", "https://openalex.org/W1993466343", "https://openalex.org/W1995531136", "https://openalex.org/W1995809155", "https://openalex.org/W1997368706", "https://openalex.org/W2005474775", "https://openalex.org/W2007843995", "https://openalex.org/W2014221396", "https://openalex.org/W2018675593", "https://openalex.org/W2018795507", "https://openalex.org/W2027281024", "https://openalex.org/W2032388769", "https://openalex.org/W2032969449", "https://openalex.org/W2041389607", "https://openalex.org/W2057844995", "https://openalex.org/W2061914425", "https://openalex.org/W2062204752", "https://openalex.org/W2067817178", "https://openalex.org/W2075356131", "https://openalex.org/W2075595928", "https://openalex.org/W2078032896", "https://openalex.org/W2079514243", "https://openalex.org/W2081911788", "https://openalex.org/W2084209994", "https://openalex.org/W2085158798", "https://openalex.org/W2085554804", "https://openalex.org/W2093202994", "https://openalex.org/W2099263772", "https://openalex.org/W2104465698", "https://openalex.org/W2111585896", "https://openalex.org/W2111678067", "https://openalex.org/W2112373515", "https://openalex.org/W2113064360", "https://openalex.org/W2130050369", "https://openalex.org/W2130721170", "https://openalex.org/W2134314033", "https://openalex.org/W2146637382", "https://openalex.org/W2146939686", "https://openalex.org/W2155478303", "https://openalex.org/W2156830339", "https://openalex.org/W2160576534", "https://openalex.org/W2160939039", "https://openalex.org/W2161346376", "https://openalex.org/W2166206900", "https://openalex.org/W2166472183", "https://openalex.org/W2168296669", "https://openalex.org/W2180481732", "https://openalex.org/W2180727082", "https://openalex.org/W2235432071", "https://openalex.org/W2316042816", "https://openalex.org/W2317577660", "https://openalex.org/W2328328114", "https://openalex.org/W2329832092", "https://openalex.org/W2330418592", "https://openalex.org/W2484274553", "https://openalex.org/W2570662583", "https://openalex.org/W2605360807", "https://openalex.org/W2750116648", "https://openalex.org/W3023332890", "https://openalex.org/W35570405", "https://openalex.org/W4242343698", "https://openalex.org/W4243250219", "https://openalex.org/W4244062086", "https://openalex.org/W4252631979", "https://openalex.org/W4301818829", "https://openalex.org/W4319587628" ], "referenced_works_count": 86, "related_works": [ "https://openalex.org/W3208997963", "https://openalex.org/W2329733373", "https://openalex.org/W2186726959", "https://openalex.org/W2170084367", "https://openalex.org/W2144895416", "https://openalex.org/W2103592722", "https://openalex.org/W2010466758", "https://openalex.org/W2006825990", "https://openalex.org/W2003974552", "https://openalex.org/W1576192209" ], "sustainable_development_goals": [ { "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15", "score": 0.51, "display_name": "Life on land" } ], "title": "Faunal Responses to Fire in Chaparral and Sage Scrub in California, USA", "topics": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/T10555", "display_name": "Impact of Climate Change on Forest Wildfires", "score": 1.0, "subfield": { "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change" }, "field": { "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science" }, "domain": { "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences" } }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/T13388", "display_name": "Factors Affecting Sagebrush Ecosystems and Wildlife Conservation", "score": 0.9999, "subfield": { "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303", "display_name": "Ecology" }, "field": { "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science" }, "domain": { "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences" } }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/T10005", "display_name": "Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management", "score": 0.9978, "subfield": { "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2309", "display_name": "Nature and Landscape Conservation" }, "field": { "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science" }, "domain": { "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences" } } ], "type": "article", "type_crossref": "journal-article", "updated_date": "2024-08-12T13:03:37.578121", "versions": [] }
}