{
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"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Sea\u2010level rise will drive divergent sediment transport patterns on fore reefs and reef flats, potentially causing erosion on atoll islands",
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"value": "70216488",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70216488"
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"value": 70216488
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"value": "10.1029/2019JF005446",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JF005446"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Journal of Geophysical Research \u2013 Earth Surface",
"volumeNumber": "125",
"issueNumber": "10"
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
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"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Journal of Geophysical Research \u2013 Earth Surface"
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"datePublished": "2020",
"dateModified": "2020-11-23",
"abstract": "Atoll reef islands primarily consist of unconsolidated sediment, and their ocean\u2010facing shorelines are maintained by sediment produced and transported across their reefs. Changes in incident waves can alter cross\u2010shore sediment exchange and, thus, affect the sediment budget and morphology of atoll reef islands. Here we investigate the influence of sea level rise and projected wave climate change on wave characteristics and cross\u2010shore sediment transport across an atoll reef at Kwajalein Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands. Using a phase\u2010resolving model, we quantify the influence on sediment transport of quantities not well captured by wave\u2010averaged models, namely, wave asymmetry and skewness and flow acceleration. Model results suggest that for current reef geometry, sea level, and wave climate, potential bedload transport is directed onshore, decreases from the fore reef to the beach, and is sensitive to the influence of flow acceleration. We find that a projected 12% decrease in annual wave energy by 2100\u00a0CE has negligible influence on reef flat hydrodynamics. However, 0.5\u20132.0\u00a0m of sea level rise increases wave heights, skewness, and shear stress on the reef flat and decreases wave skewness and shear stress on the fore reef. These hydrodynamic changes decrease potential sediment inputs onshore from the fore reef where coral production is greatest but increase potential cross\u2010reef sediment transport from the outer reef flat to the beach. Assuming sediment production on the fore reef remains constant or decreases due to increasing ocean temperatures and acidification, these processes have the potential to decrease net sediment delivery to atoll islands, causing erosion.",
"description": "e2019JF005446, 22 p.",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "American Geophysical Union"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Bramante, James F",
"givenName": "James F",
"familyName": "Bramante",
"affiliation": [
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"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Ashton, Andrew D",
"givenName": "Andrew D",
"familyName": "Ashton",
"affiliation": [
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"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"
}
]
},
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"@type": "Person",
"name": "Storlazzi, Curt D.",
"givenName": "Curt D.",
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"name": "Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center"
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"name": "Cheriton, Olivia",
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"name": "Donnelly, Jeffrey P.",
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"name": "Roi-Namur"
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