Item talk:Q59915

{"@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "CreativeWork", "additionalType": "USGS Numbered Series", "name": "Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Cameron, Clarion, Elk, Forest, Jefferson, McKean, Potter, and Warren Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010", "identifier": [{"@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "ofr20141152", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20141152"}, {"@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID", "value": 70125720}, {"@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.3133/ofr20141152", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141152"}], "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": [{"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries", "name": "Open-File Report"}], "datePublished": "2014", "dateModified": "2016-08-19", "abstract": "Increased demands for cleaner burning energy, coupled with the relatively recent technological advances in accessing hydrocarbon-rich geologic formations, have led to an intense effort to find and extract unconventional natural gas from various underground sources around the country. One of these sources, the Marcellus Shale, located in the Allegheny Plateau, is currently undergoing extensive drilling and production. The technology used to extract gas in the Marcellus Shale is known as hydraulic fracturing and has garnered much attention because of its use of large amounts of fresh water, its use of proprietary fluids for the hydraulic-fracturing process, its potential to release contaminants into the environment, and its potential effect on water resources. Nonetheless, development of natural gas extraction wells in the Marcellus Shale is only part of the overall natural gas story in this area of Pennsylvania. Conventional natural gas wells, which sometimes use the same technique for extraction, are commonly located in the same general area as the Marcellus Shale and are frequently developed in clusters across the landscape. The combined effects of these two natural gas extraction methods create potentially serious patterns of disturbance on the landscape. This document quantifies the landscape changes and consequences of natural gas extraction for Cameron, Clarion, Elk, Forest, Jefferson, McKean, Potter, and Warren Counties in Pennsylvania between 2004 and 2010. Patterns of landscape disturbance related to natural gas extraction activities were collected and digitized using National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for 2004, 2005/2006, 2008, and 2010. The disturbance patterns were then used to measure changes in land cover and land use using the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) of 2001. A series of landscape metrics is also used to quantify these changes and is included in this publication. In this region, natural gas and oil development disturbed approximately 5,255 hectares (ha) (conventional, 2,400 ha; Marcellus, 357 ha; and oil, 1,883 ha) of land of which 3,507 ha were forested land and 610 ha were agricultural land. Eighty percent of that total disturbance was from conventional natural gas and oil development.", "description": "v, 45 p.", "publisher": {"@type": "Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"}, "author": [{"@type": "Person", "name": "Roig-Silva, C. M.", "givenName": "C. M.", "familyName": "Roig-Silva"}, {"@type": "Person", "name": "Ballew, J. R.", "givenName": "J. R.", "familyName": "Ballew"}, {"@type": "Person", "name": "Winters, S. G.", "givenName": "S. G.", "familyName": "Winters"}, {"@type": "Person", "name": "Milheim, L. E.", "givenName": "L. E.", "familyName": "Milheim"}, {"@type": "Person", "name": "Slonecker, E. T.", "givenName": "E. T.", "familyName": "Slonecker"}], "funder": [{"@type": "Organization", "name": "Eastern Geographic Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pwrc"}], "spatialCoverage": [{"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "country", "name": "United States", "url": "https://geonames.org/6252001"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Pennsylvania", "url": "https://geonames.org/6254927"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Cameron County", "url": "https://geonames.org/5182858"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Clarion County", "url": "https://geonames.org/5184423"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Elk County", "url": "https://geonames.org/5188486"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Forest County", "url": "https://geonames.org/5189967"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Jefferson County", "url": "https://geonames.org/5195307"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "McKean County", "url": "https://geonames.org/5200448"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Potter County", "url": "https://geonames.org/5207042"}, {"@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Warren County", "url": "https://geonames.org/5217991"}, {"@type": "Place", "geo": [{"@type": "GeoShape", "additionalProperty": {"@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "GeoJSON", "value": {"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"type": "Feature", "geometry": {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-79.916171, 39.720893], [-80.075947, 39.72135], [-80.421388, 39.721189], [-80.519342, 39.721403], [-80.519423, 39.806181], [-80.518891, 39.890964], [-80.519248, 39.936967], [-80.51896, 40.078089], [-80.519039, 40.342101], [-80.517991, 40.367968], [-80.51769, 40.462467], [-80.51899, 40.473667], [-80.519002, 40.877543], [-80.519891, 40.906661], [-80.519091, 40.921061], [-80.518928, 41.070954], [-80.519144, 41.171203], [-80.518693, 41.248855], [-80.518993, 41.268155], [-80.518794, 41.305509], [-80.519129, 41.312408], [-80.519345, 41.340145], [-80.518993, 41.435454], [-80.519339, 41.539297], [-80.519425, 41.977522], [-80.435451, 42.005611], [-80.409776, 42.011578], [-80.373066, 42.024102], [-80.371869, 42.023966], [-80.363251, 42.027973], [-80.349169, 42.030243], [-80.329976, 42.036168], [-80.296758, 42.049076], [-80.230486, 42.077957], [-80.188085, 42.094257], [-80.165884, 42.105857], [-80.154084, 42.114757], [-80.136213, 42.149937], [-80.13043, 42.156331], [-80.117368, 42.166341], [-80.088512, 42.173184], [-80.077388, 42.171262], [-80.073381, 42.168658], [-80.080028, 42.163625], [-80.071981, 42.155357], [-80.078781, 42.151457], [-80.076281, 42.147857], [-80.07198, 42.146057], [-80.06108, 42.144857], [-79.989186, 42.177051], [-79.931324, 42.206737], [-79.923924, 42.207546], [-79.90105, 42.216701], [-79.886187, 42.224933], [-79.867979, 42.230999], [-79.844661, 42.235486], [-79.798447, 42.255939], [-79.761951, 42.26986], [-79.762152, 42.243054], [-79.761759, 42.162675], [-79.762122, 42.131246], [-79.761709, 42.11899], [-79.761798, 42.019042], [-79.761374, 41.999067], [-79.670128, 41.999335], [-79.472472, 41.998255], [-79.249772, 41.998807], [-79.17857, 41.999458], [-79.061265, 41.999259], [-78.983065, 41.998949], [-78.874759, 41.997559], [-78.749754, 41.998109], [-78.59665, 41.999877], [-78.308128, 41.999415], [-78.271204, 41.998968], [-78.12473, 42.000452], [-78.031177, 41.999415], [-77.997508, 41.998758], [-77.83203, 41.998524], [-77.505308, 42.00007], [-77.124693, 41.999395], [-77.063676, 42.000461], [-76.920784, 42.001774], [-76.749675, 42.001689], [-76.558118, 42.000155], [-76.462155, 41.998934], [-76.343722, 41.998346], [-76.131201, 41.998954], [-75.98025, 41.999035], [-75.870677, 41.998828], [-75.742217, 41.997864], [-75.610316, 41.99896], [-75.359579, 41.999445], [-75.353504, 41.99711], [-75.346568, 41.995324], [-75.341125, 41.992772], [-75.337602, 41.9867], [-75.337791, 41.984386], [-75.34246, 41.974303], [-75.342204, 41.972872], [-75.339488, 41.970786], [-75.335771, 41.970315], [-75.329318, 41.968232], [-75.322384, 41.961693], [-75.32004, 41.960867], [-75.318168, 41.954236], [-75.312817, 41.950182], [-75.310358, 41.949012], [-75.303966, 41.948216], [-75.301664, 41.94838], [-75.301233, 41.9489], [-75.301593, 41.952811], [-75.300409, 41.953871], [-75.29858, 41.954521], [-75.293713, 41.954593], [-75.29143, 41.952477], [-75.291762, 41.947092], [-75.290966, 41.945039], [-75.289383, 41.942891], [-75.279094, 41.938917], [-75.277243, 41.933598], [-75.276501, 41.926679], [-75.276552, 41.922208], [-75.275368, 41.919564], [-75.269736, 41.911363], [-75.267562, 41.907054], [-75.267773, 41.901971], [-75.272778, 41.897112], [-75.272581, 41.893168], [-75.271292, 41.88736], [-75.267789, 41.885982], [-75.263005, 41.885109], [-75.260623, 41.883783], [-75.257564, 41.877108], [-75.258439, 41.875087], [-75.261488, 41.873277], [-75.263815, 41.870757], [-75.263673, 41.868105], [-75.262802, 41.866213], [-75.260527, 41.8638], [-75.257825, 41.862154], [-75.251197, 41.86204], [-75.248045, 41.8633], [-75.243345, 41.866875], [-75.241134, 41.867118], [-75.238743, 41.865699], [-75.234565, 41.861569], [-75.231612, 41.859459], [-75.22572, 41.857481], [-75.223734, 41.857456], [-75.220125, 41.860534], [-75.21497, 41.867449], [-75.209741, 41.86925], [-75.204002, 41.869867], [-75.197836, 41.868807], [-75.194382, 41.867287], [-75.191441, 41.865063], [-75.190203, 41.862454], [-75.188888, 41.861264], [-75.186993, 41.860109], [-75.185254, 41.85993], [-75.183937, 41.860515], [-75.182271, 41.862198], [-75.180497, 41.86568], [-75.179134, 41.869935], [-75.176633, 41.872371], [-75.174574, 41.87266], [-75.170565, 41.871608], [-75.169142, 41.87029], [-75.168053, 41.867043], [-75.168733, 41.859258], [-75.166217, 41.853862], [-75.164168, 41.851586], [-75.161541, 41.849836], [-75.156512, 41.848327], [-75.152898, 41.848564], [-75.143824, 41.851737], [-75.140241, 41.852078], [-75.130983, 41.845145], [-75.127913, 41.844903], [-75.118789, 41.845819], [-75.115598, 41.844638], [-75.114399, 41.843583], [-75.113369, 41.840698], [-75.113441, 41.836298], [-75.114998, 41.8303], [-75.115147, 41.827285], [-75.114837, 41.82567], [-75.113334, 41.822782], [-75.100024, 41.818347], [-75.093537, 41.813375], [-75.089484, 41.811576], [-75.085789, 41.811626], [-75.079818, 41.814815], [-75.078063, 41.815112], [-75.074409, 41.815088], [-75.072172, 41.813732], [-75.071751, 41.811901], [-75.072168, 41.808327], [-75.074412, 41.802191], [-75.076889, 41.798509], [-75.07827, 41.797467], [-75.081415, 41.796483], [-75.088328, 41.797534], [-75.092876, 41.796386], [-75.101463, 41.787941], [-75.102329, 41.786503], [-75.103548, 41.782008], [-75.10464, 41.774203], [-75.104334, 41.772693], [-75.103492, 41.771238], [-75.10099, 41.769121], [-75.095451, 41.768366], [-75.09281, 41.768361], [-75.079478, 41.771205], [-75.075942, 41.771518], [-75.074231, 41.770518], [-75.072664, 41.768807], [-75.068567, 41.767298], [-75.064901, 41.766686], [-75.060759, 41.764638], [-75.053431, 41.752538], [-75.052808, 41.744725], [-75.054818, 41.735168], [-75.053527, 41.72715], [-75.049699, 41.715093], [-75.049862, 41.713309], [-75.050689, 41.711969], [-75.052226, 41.711396], [-75.061174, 41.712935], [-75.06663, 41.712588], [-75.068642, 41.710146], [-75.06883, 41.708161], [-75.067278, 41.705434], [-75.059829, 41.699716], [-75.056745, 41.695703], [-75.052736, 41.688393], [-75.051234, 41.682439], [-75.051285, 41.679961], [-75.052653, 41.678436], [-75.058765, 41.674412], [-75.059332, 41.67232], [-75.05843, 41.669653], [-75.057251, 41.668933], [-75.053991, 41.668194], [-75.04992, 41.662556], [-75.048683, 41.656317], [-75.049281, 41.641862], [-75.048658, 41.633781], [-75.048199, 41.632011], [-75.043562, 41.62364], [-75.044224, 41.617978], [-75.045508, 41.616203], [-75.047298, 41.615791], [-75.048385, 41.615986], [-75.051856, 41.618157], [-75.05385, 41.618655], [-75.060098, 41.617482], [-75.06156, 41.616429], [-75.061675, 41.615468], [-75.059956, 41.612306], [-75.059725, 41.610801], [-75.062716, 41.609639], [-75.067795, 41.610143], [-75.071667, 41.609501], [-75.074626, 41.607905], [-75.074613, 41.605711], [-75.066955, 41.599428], [-75.063677, 41.594739], [-75.060012, 41.590813], [-75.052858, 41.587772], [-75.04676, 41.583258], [-75.043879, 41.575094], [-75.04049, 41.569688], [-75.036989, 41.567049], [-75.033162, 41.565092], [-75.029211, 41.564637], [-75.027343, 41.563541], [-75.018524, 41.551802], [-75.016328, 41.546501], [-75.016144, 41.544246], [-75.017626, 41.542734], [-75.022828, 41.541456], [-75.024798, 41.539801], [-75.024757, 41.535099], [-75.024206, 41.534018], [-75.023018, 41.533147], [-75.016616, 41.53211], [-75.014919, 41.531399], [-75.009552, 41.528461], [-75.00385, 41.524052], [-75.001297, 41.52065], [-75.000911, 41.519292], [-75.000935, 41.517638], [-75.002592, 41.51456], [-75.003706, 41.511118], [-75.003694, 41.509295], [-75.003151, 41.508101], [-74.999612, 41.5074], [-74.993893, 41.508754], [-74.987645, 41.508738], [-74.985653, 41.507926], [-74.984372, 41.506611], [-74.982385, 41.500981], [-74.982168, 41.498486], [-74.982463, 41.496467], [-74.985247, 41.489113], [-74.985595, 41.485863], [-74.985004, 41.483703], [-74.983341, 41.480894], [-74.981652, 41.479945], [-74.969887, 41.477438], [-74.95826, 41.476396], [-74.956411, 41.476735], [-74.94808, 41.480625], [-74.945634, 41.483213], [-74.941798, 41.483542], [-74.932585, 41.482323], [-74.926835, 41.478327], [-74.924092, 41.477138], [-74.917282, 41.477041], [-74.912517, 41.475605], [-74.909181, 41.472436], [-74.908133, 41.468117], [-74.908103, 41.464639], [-74.906887, 41.461131], [-74.9042, 41.459806], [-74.895069, 41.45819], [-74.892114, 41.456959], [-74.890358, 41.455324], [-74.889116, 41.452534], [-74.889075, 41.451245], [-74.894931, 41.446099], [-74.896399, 41.442179], [-74.896025, 41.439987], [-74.893913, 41.43893], [-74.888691, 41.438259], [-74.876721, 41.440338], [-74.864688, 41.443993], [-74.858578, 41.444427], [-74.8542, 41.443166], [-74.848602, 41.440179], [-74.845572, 41.437577], [-74.836915, 41.431625], [-74.834635, 41.430796], [-74.830671, 41.430503], [-74.828592, 41.430698], [-74.826031, 41.431736], [-74.82288, 41.436792], [-74.817995, 41.440505], [-74.812123, 41.442982], [-74.807582, 41.442847], [-74.805655, 41.442101], [-74.801225, 41.4381], [-74.80037, 41.43606], [-74.800095, 41.432661], [-74.799546, 41.43129], [-74.795396, 41.42398], [-74.793856, 41.422671], [-74.790417, 41.42166], [-74.784339, 41.422397], [-74.778029, 41.425104], [-74.773239, 41.426352], [-74.77065, 41.42623], [-74.763701, 41.423612], [-74.758587, 41.423287], [-74.754359, 41.425147], [-74.75068, 41.427984], [-74.743821, 41.430635], [-74.740932, 41.43116], [-74.738455, 41.430641], [-74.736688, 41.429228], [-74.735519, 41.427465], [-74.734893, 41.425818], [-74.734731, 41.422699], [-74.738684, 41.413463], [-74.741086, 41.411413], [-74.741717, 41.40788], [-74.740963, 41.40512], [-74.738554, 41.401191], [-74.736103, 41.398398], [-74.73364, 41.396975], [-74.730384, 41.39566], [-74.720891, 41.39469], [-74.715979, 41.392584], [-74.713411, 41.389814], [-74.710391, 41.382102], [-74.708458, 41.378901], [-74.703282, 41.375093], [-74.694968, 41.370431], [-74.691129, 41.367324], [-74.689516, 41.363843], [-74.689767, 41.361558], [-74.691076, 41.36034], [-74.696398, 41.357339], [-74.694914, 41.357423], [-74.700595, 41.354553], [-74.704429, 41.354043], [-74.708514, 41.352734], [-74.720923, 41.347384], [-74.730373, 41.345983], [-74.735622, 41.346518], [-74.753239, 41.346122], [-74.755971, 41.344953], [-74.760325, 41.340325], [-74.763499, 41.331568], [-74.766714, 41.328558], [-74.771588, 41.325079], [-74.774887, 41.324326], [-74.781584, 41.324229], [-74.789095, 41.323281], [-74.792116, 41.322465], [-74.79504, 41.320407], [-74.795822, 41.318516], [-74.792377, 41.314088], [-74.791991, 41.311639], [-74.792558, 41.310628], [-74.806858, 41.303155], [-74.812033, 41.298157], [-74.815703, 41.296151], [-74.821884, 41.293838], [-74.830057, 41.2872], [-74.834067, 41.281111], [-74.838366, 41.277286], [-74.841137, 41.27098], [-74.846319, 41.263077], [-74.846506, 41.261576], [-74.845031, 41.258055], [-74.845883, 41.254945], [-74.846932, 41.253318], [-74.848987, 41.251192], [-74.854669, 41.25051], [-74.856003, 41.250094], [-74.857151, 41.248975], [-74.861678, 41.241575], [-74.862049, 41.237609], [-74.866182, 41.232132], [-74.867405, 41.22777], [-74.866839, 41.226865], [-74.860837, 41.222317], [-74.859323, 41.220507], [-74.859632, 41.219077], [-74.860398, 41.217454], [-74.867287, 41.208754], [-74.874034, 41.198543], [-74.878275, 41.190489], [-74.878492, 41.187504], [-74.882139, 41.180836], [-74.889424, 41.1736], [-74.899701, 41.166181], [-74.901172, 41.16387], [-74.90178, 41.161394], [-74.905256, 41.155668], [-74.923169, 41.138146], [-74.931141, 41.133387], [-74.945067, 41.129052], [-74.947714, 41.126292], [-74.947334, 41.124439], [-74.947912, 41.12356], [-74.964294, 41.114237], [-74.966298, 41.113669], [-74.969312, 41.113869], [-74.972917, 41.113327], [-74.979873, 41.110423], [-74.982212, 41.108245], [-74.991718, 41.092284], [-74.991815, 41.089132], [-74.991013, 41.088578], [-74.988263, 41.088222], [-74.984782, 41.088545], [-74.981314, 41.08986], [-74.975298, 41.094073], [-74.972036, 41.095562], [-74.969434, 41.096074], [-74.967464, 41.095327], [-74.966759, 41.093425], [-74.968389, 41.087797], [-74.970987, 41.085293], [-74.98259, 41.079172], [-74.989332, 41.078319], [-74.994847, 41.076556], [-74.999617, 41.073943], [-75.006376, 41.067546], [-75.011133, 41.067521], [-75.01257, 41.066281], [-75.015271, 41.061215], [-75.015867, 41.05821], [-75.017239, 41.055491], [-75.019186, 41.052968], [-75.025702, 41.046482], [-75.026376, 41.04444], [-75.02543, 41.04071], [-75.025777, 41.039806], [-75.030701, 41.038416], [-75.034496, 41.036755], [-75.040668, 41.031755], [-75.070532, 41.01862], [-75.074999, 41.01713], [-75.081101, 41.016838], [-75.089787, 41.014549], [-75.090312, 41.013302], [-75.095556, 41.008874], [-75.100682, 41.006716], [-75.109114, 41.004102], [-75.110595, 41.002174], [-75.123423, 40.996129], [-75.127196, 40.993954], [-75.130575, 40.991093], [-75.131619, 40.9889], [-75.13153, 40.984914], [-75.132106, 40.982566], [-75.133086, 40.980179], [-75.135521, 40.976865], [-75.135526, 40.973807], [-75.13378, 40.970973], [-75.131364, 40.969277], [-75.129074, 40.968976], [-75.122603, 40.970152], [-75.120514, 40.968369], [-75.11977, 40.96651], [-75.12065, 40.964028], [-75.119893, 40.961646], [-75.118904, 40.956361], [-75.117764, 40.953023], [-75.111683, 40.948111], [-75.106153, 40.939671], [-75.105524, 40.936294], [-75.095526, 40.924152], [-75.079279, 40.91389], [-75.076956, 40.90988], [-75.076092, 40.907042], [-75.075188, 40.900154], [-75.075957, 40.895694], [-75.07534, 40.894162], [-75.07392, 40.892176], [-75.065438, 40.885682], [-75.062149, 40.882289], [-75.058655, 40.877654], [-75.053664, 40.87366], [-75.051508, 40.870224], [-75.050839, 40.868067], [-75.051029, 40.865662], [-75.053294, 40.8599], [-75.060491, 40.85302], [-75.064328, 40.848338], [-75.066014, 40.847591], [-75.07083, 40.847392], [-75.073544, 40.84894], [-75.076684, 40.849875], [-75.090962, 40.849187], [-75.095784, 40.847082], [-75.097221, 40.844672], [-75.097586, 40.843042], [-75.097572, 40.840967], [-75.097006, 40.839336], [-75.09494, 40.837103], [-75.085517, 40.830085], [-75.083822, 40.827805], [-75.083929, 40.824471], [-75.085387, 40.821972], [-75.090518, 40.815913], [-75.096147, 40.812211], [-75.098279, 40.810286], [-75.100277, 40.807578], [-75.100739, 40.805488], [-75.100165, 40.803], [-75.100277, 40.801176], [-75.1008, 40.799797], [-75.108505, 40.791094], [-75.111343, 40.789896], [-75.116842, 40.78935], [-75.123088, 40.786746], [-75.125867, 40.784026], [-75.131465, 40.77595], [-75.133303, 40.774124], [-75.1344, 40.773765], [-75.139106, 40.773606], [-75.149378, 40.774786], [-75.16365, 40.778386], [-75.169523, 40.778473], [-75.171587, 40.777745], [-75.173349, 40.776129], [-75.17562, 40.772923], [-75.176855, 40.768721], [-75.177477, 40.764225], [-75.17904, 40.761897], [-75.183037, 40.759344], [-75.191796, 40.75583], [-75.196533, 40.751631], [-75.196861, 40.750097], [-75.196325, 40.747137], [-75.195349, 40.745473], [-75.18578, 40.737266], [-75.182804, 40.73365], [-75.182084, 40.731522], [-75.1825, 40.729922], [-75.186372, 40.72397], [-75.189412, 40.71797], [-75.192612, 40.715874], [-75.19442, 40.714018], [-75.19872, 40.705298], [-75.20392, 40.691498], [-75.20092, 40.685498], [-75.19692, 40.681299], [-75.19058, 40.679379], [-75.184516, 40.679971], [-75.180564, 40.679363], [-75.177587, 40.677731], [-75.176803, 40.675715], [-75.177491, 40.672595], [-75.182756, 40.665971], [-75.18794, 40.663811], [-75.190852, 40.661939], [-75.196676, 40.655123], [-75.200452, 40.649219], [-75.200468, 40.646899], [-75.193492, 40.642275], [-75.192276, 40.640803], [-75.191059, 40.637971], [-75.188579, 40.624628], [-75.189283, 40.621492], [-75.190691, 40.619956], [-75.197891, 40.619332], [-75.200708, 40.618356], [-75.201812, 40.617188], [-75.201348, 40.614628], [-75.198499, 40.611492], [-75.195923, 40.606788], [-75.192291, 40.602676], [-75.190146, 40.590359], [-75.190796, 40.586838], [-75.194656, 40.58194], [-75.195114, 40.579689], [-75.194046, 40.576256], [-75.192352, 40.574257], [-75.186737, 40.569406], [-75.183151, 40.567354], [-75.175307, 40.564996], [-75.168609, 40.564111], [-75.162871, 40.564096], [-75.158446, 40.565286], [-75.147368, 40.573152], [-75.141906, 40.575273], [-75.136748, 40.575731], [-75.117292, 40.573211], [-75.110903, 40.570671], [-75.100325, 40.567811], [-75.0957, 40.564401], [-75.078503, 40.548296], [-75.068615, 40.542223], [-75.067257, 40.539584], [-75.066426, 40.536619], [-75.06509, 40.526148], [-75.065853, 40.519495], [-75.066001, 40.510716], [-75.065275, 40.504682], [-75.062373, 40.491689], [-75.061937, 40.486362], [-75.062227, 40.481391], [-75.064327, 40.476795], [-75.067776, 40.472827], [-75.06805, 40.468578], [-75.067302, 40.464954], [-75.070568, 40.456348], [-75.070568, 40.455165], [-75.067425, 40.448323], [-75.062923, 40.433407], [-75.061489, 40.422848], [-75.058848, 40.418065], [-75.056102, 40.416066], [-75.046473, 40.413792], [-75.043071, 40.411603], [-75.041651, 40.409894], [-75.036616, 40.406796], [-75.028315, 40.403883], [-75.024775, 40.403455], [-75.017221, 40.404638], [-75.003351, 40.40785], [-74.998651, 40.410093], [-74.996378, 40.410528], [-74.988901, 40.408773], [-74.985467, 40.405935], [-74.982735, 40.404432], [-74.969597, 40.39977], [-74.965508, 40.397337], [-74.963997, 40.395246], [-74.953697, 40.376081], [-74.948722, 40.364768], [-74.946006, 40.357306], [-74.945088, 40.347332], [-74.943776, 40.342564], [-74.939711, 40.338006], [-74.933111, 40.333106], [-74.92681, 40.329406], [-74.91741, 40.322406], [-74.90831, 40.316907], [-74.90331, 40.315607], [-74.896409, 40.315107], [-74.891609, 40.313007], [-74.887109, 40.310307], [-74.880609, 40.305607], [-74.868209, 40.295207], [-74.860492, 40.284584], [-74.856508, 40.277407], [-74.853108, 40.269707], [-74.846608, 40.258808], [-74.842308, 40.250508], [-74.836307, 40.246208], [-74.823907, 40.241508], [-74.819507, 40.238508], [-74.795306, 40.229408], [-74.781206, 40.221508], [-74.77136, 40.215399], [-74.770406, 40.214508], [-74.766905, 40.207709], [-74.760605, 40.198909], [-74.756905, 40.189409], [-74.755605, 40.186709], [-74.754305, 40.185209], [-74.751705, 40.183309], [-74.744105, 40.181009], [-74.737205, 40.177609], [-74.733804, 40.174509], [-74.722304, 40.160609], [-74.721504, 40.158409], [-74.721604, 40.15381], [-74.722604, 40.15001], [-74.724304, 40.14701], [-74.725663, 40.145495], [-74.740605, 40.13521], [-74.742905, 40.13441], [-74.745905, 40.13421], [-74.755305, 40.13471], [-74.758882, 40.134036], [-74.762864, 40.132541], [-74.769488, 40.129145], [-74.782106, 40.12081], [-74.785106, 40.12031], [-74.788706, 40.12041], [-74.800607, 40.12281], [-74.812807, 40.12691], [-74.816307, 40.12761], [-74.819007, 40.12751], [-74.822307, 40.12671], [-74.825907, 40.12391], [-74.828408, 40.12031], [-74.832808, 40.11171], [-74.835108, 40.10391], [-74.838008, 40.10091], [-74.843408, 40.09771], [-74.851108, 40.09491], [-74.854409, 40.09311], [-74.856509, 40.09131], [-74.858209, 40.08881], [-74.859809, 40.08491], [-74.860909, 40.08371], [-74.863809, 40.08221], [-74.880209, 40.07881], [-74.88781, 40.07581], [-74.909011, 40.07021], [-74.911911, 40.06991], [-74.920811, 40.07111], [-74.925311, 40.07071], [-74.932211, 40.068411], [-74.944412, 40.063211], [-74.974713, 40.048711], [-74.983913, 40.042711], [-74.989914, 40.037311], [-75.007914, 40.023111], [-75.011115, 40.021311], [-75.015515, 40.019511], [-75.039316, 40.013012], [-75.047016, 40.008912], [-75.051217, 40.004512], [-75.059017, 39.992512], [-75.072017, 39.980612], [-75.088618, 39.975212], [-75.093718, 39.974412], [-75.108119, 39.970312], [-75.11922, 39.965412], [-75.12692, 39.961112], [-75.13012, 39.958712], [-75.13352, 39.954412], [-75.13572, 39.947112], [-75.13612, 39.933912], [-75.13502, 39.927312], [-75.13282, 39.921612], [-75.13012, 39.917013], [-75.12792, 39.911813], [-75.13082, 39.900213], [-75.13342, 39.896213], [-75.140221, 39.888213], [-75.145421, 39.884213], [-75.150721, 39.882713], [-75.183023, 39.882013], [-75.189323, 39.880713], [-75.195324, 39.877013], [-75.210425, 39.865913], [-75.221025, 39.861113], [-75.235026, 39.856613], [-75.243431, 39.854597], [-75.271159, 39.84944], [-75.293376, 39.848782], [-75.309674, 39.850179], [-75.323232, 39.849812], [-75.330433, 39.849012], [-75.341765, 39.846082], [-75.3544, 39.839917], [-75.371835, 39.827612], [-75.390536, 39.815312], [-75.403737, 39.807512], [-75.415041, 39.801786], [-75.428038, 39.809212], [-75.45374, 39.820312], [-75.463341, 39.823812], [-75.481242, 39.829112], [-75.498843, 39.833312], [-75.518444, 39.836311], [-75.539346, 39.838211], [-75.570464, 39.839007], [-75.579849, 39.838526], [-75.593666, 39.837455], [-75.617251, 39.833999], [-75.634706, 39.830164], [-75.641518, 39.828363], [-75.662822, 39.82115], [-75.685991, 39.811054], [-75.701208, 39.802606], [-75.716969, 39.791998], [-75.727049, 39.784126], [-75.736489, 39.775759], [-75.744394, 39.767855], [-75.753066, 39.757631], [-75.760346, 39.747231], [-75.766058, 39.737811], [-75.773558, 39.722411], [-75.788359, 39.721811], [-75.998649, 39.721576], [-76.013067, 39.72192], [-76.233259, 39.721305], [-76.715594, 39.721103], [-76.8901, 39.720401], [-76.936601, 39.720701], [-76.990903, 39.7198], [-77.058204, 39.7202], [-77.534758, 39.720134], [-77.724115, 39.720894], [-77.874719, 39.722219], [-78.330715, 39.722689], [-78.337111, 39.722461], [-78.438839, 39.722481], [-78.461422, 39.722869], [-78.537702, 39.72249], [-78.546415, 39.722869], [-78.575893, 39.722561], [-78.723529, 39.723043], [-79.045548, 39.722883], [-79.548465, 39.720778], [-79.610623, 39.721245], [-79.763774, 39.720776], [-79.916171, 39.720893]]]}, "properties": {"name": "Pennsylvania", "nation": "USA "}}]}}}, {"@type": "GeoCoordinates", "latitude": 40.8738307763796, "longitude": -77.7995260653544}]}]}