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= Distribution and abundance of Least Bell’s Vireos (Vireo bellii pusillus) and Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii extimus) on the Middle San Luis Rey River, San Diego County, Southern California—2018 data summary =
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We found 148 vireo\u00a0territories, at least 90 of which were occupied by pairs. Six\u00a0additional transient vireos were detected. Vireos used six\u00a0different habitat types in the survey area: mixed willow,\u00a0willow-cottonwood, riparian scrub, willow-sycamore, upland\u00a0scrub, and non-native habitat. Forty-one percent of the vireos\u00a0were detected in habitat characterized as mixed willow, and\u00a097 percent of the vireos were detected in habitat with greater\u00a0than 50 percent native plant cover. Of 10 banded vireos\u00a0detected in the survey area, 5 had been given full color-band\u00a0combinations prior to 2018. Four other vireos with single\u00a0(natal) federal bands were recaptured, identified, and color\u00a0banded in 2018. 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<div>
 
<span>We surveyed for Least Bell’s Vireos (''Vireo bellii pusillus''; </span><span>vireo) and Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (''Empidonax ''</span><span>''traillii extimus''; flycatcher) along the San Luis Rey River, </span><span>between College Boulevard in Oceanside and Interstate 15 in </span><span>Fallbrook, California (middle San Luis Rey River), in 2018. </span><span>Surveys were conducted from April 17 to July 16 (vireo) and </span><span>from May 16 to July 27 (flycatcher). We found 148 vireo </span><span>territories, at least 90 of which were occupied by pairs. Six </span><span>additional transient vireos were detected. Vireos used six </span><span>different habitat types in the survey area: mixed willow, </span><span>willow-cottonwood, riparian scrub, willow-sycamore, upland </span><span>scrub, and non-native habitat. Forty-one percent of the vireos </span><span>were detected in habitat characterized as mixed willow, and </span><span>97 percent of the vireos were detected in habitat with greater </span><span>than 50 percent native plant cover. Of 10 banded vireos </span><span>detected in the survey area, 5 had been given full color-band </span><span>combinations prior to 2018. Four other vireos with single </span><span>(natal) federal bands were recaptured, identified, and color </span><span>banded in 2018. One vireo with a single dark blue federal </span><span>band, indicating that it was banded as a nestling on the lower </span><span>San Luis Rey River, could not be recaptured for identification. </span>
 
</div>
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</div>
<div>
 
<span>One resident flycatcher and eight transient flycatchers </span><span>of unknown subspecies were observed in the survey area </span><span>in 2018. The resident flycatcher (male) was detected in a </span><span>territory of mixed willow habitat with greater than 95 percent </span><span>native plant cover. He was detected as a single male from </span><span>May 24 to July 17, 2018, and no evidence of pairing or </span><span>nesting was observed. The male flycatcher, detected with </span><span>a single natal band, was recaptured, identified, and given a </span><span>unique color combination in 2018. The male flycatcher was </span><span>originally banded as a nestling on the middle San Luis Rey </span><span>River in 2016. The eight transient flycatchers were detected </span><span>from May 25 to June 8, 2018, in mixed willow riparian, </span><span>willow-cottonwood, and riparian scrub habitat with greater </span><span>than 95 percent native plant cover.</span>
 
</div>
 
== Table of Contents ==
* Executive Summary
* Introduction
* Methods
* Least Bell’s Vireo
* Southwestern Willow Flycatcher
* Summary
* Acknowledgments
* References

Revision as of 19:28, 15 July 2024

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We found 148 vireo\u00a0territories, at least 90 of which were occupied by pairs. Six\u00a0additional transient vireos were detected. Vireos used six\u00a0different habitat types in the survey area: mixed willow,\u00a0willow-cottonwood, riparian scrub, willow-sycamore, upland\u00a0scrub, and non-native habitat. Forty-one percent of the vireos\u00a0were detected in habitat characterized as mixed willow, and\u00a097 percent of the vireos were detected in habitat with greater\u00a0than 50 percent native plant cover. Of 10 banded vireos\u00a0detected in the survey area, 5 had been given full color-band\u00a0combinations prior to 2018. Four other vireos with single\u00a0(natal) federal bands were recaptured, identified, and color\u00a0banded in 2018. 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