Item talk:Q47361

ORCiD:

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           title:
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                 Salmon and Steelhead Populations to Isolates of L Genogroup Infectious
                 Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV)
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               value: Shedding Kinetics of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus
                 (IHNV) in Juvenile Spring- and Fall-Run Chinook Salmon of the Columbia
                 River Basin
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USGS Staff Profile:

 '@context': https://schema.org
 '@type': Person
 affiliation:
 - '@type': Organization
   name: University of Washington, affiliate faculty in Pathobiology with graduate
     faculty status. 1994 to Present (full professor since 2017).
 - '@type': Organization
   name: University of Washington, affiliate faculty in the School of Aquatic and
     Fisheries Sciences with graduate faculty status (2007 to Present).
 - '@type': Organization
   name: International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, member of study groups Rhabdovirus
     family (1997 to Present), Paramyxovirus Family (2008 to present), and Mononegavirales
     Super-family (2008 to Present).
 - '@type': Organization
   name: International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, member of study groups Rhabdovirus
     family (1997 to Present), Paramyxovirus Family (2008 to present), and Mononegavirales
     Super-family (2008 to Present).
 - '@type': Organization
   name: 'Scientific Journal Editorial Board: Virology (1995-1998); Journal of Aquatic
     Animal Health (2002-2005); Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (2011-2015); Journal
     of General Virology (2011-2016).'
 - '@type': Organization
   name: Ad hoc reviewer for numerous journals.
 - '@type': Organization
   name: 'Grant review panel member or panel chair: USDA Biotechnology Risk Assessment
     (1996, 1997); USDA NRI Virology (1999, 2000); USDA-NIFA AFRI Diseases of Agricultural
     Animals program (2020).'
 - '@type': Organization
   name: American Fisheries Society, Fish Health Section, member since 1994, nominating/balloting
     committee member 2002-2003; chair 2004.
 - '@type': Organization
   name: American Fisheries Society, Fish Health Section, elected vice-president
     2006, executive committee 2006-2010, president 2008.
 - '@type': Organization
   name: American Society for Virology member since 1983.
 award:
 - Special Achievement Award, American Fisheries, Society Fish Health Section, 1999
 - U.S. Department of the Interior Star Awards, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2008
 - Snieszko Distinguished Service Award, Fish Health Section, American Fisheries
   Society, 2020
 description:
 - '@type': TextObject
   abstract: Research Microbiologist with the Western Fisheries Research Center
   additionalType: short description
 - '@type': TextObject
   abstract: Viruses and infectious diseases are natural components of every ecosystem.
     In aquatic ecosystems of the Pacific Northwest infectious hematopoietic necrosis
     virus (IHNV) is a significant viral pathogen of many salmonid fish populations.
     Studies of IHNV molecular biology, pathogenesis, field ecology, and evolution
     contribute to understanding and management of viral disease in salmon and trout.
   additionalType: staff profile page introductory statement
 - '@type': TextObject
   abstract: Research Interests:Our research involves viral diseases in finfish,
     with an emphasis on the rhabdovirus IHNV in Pacific salmon and trout of Pacific
     Northwest ecosystems. We conduct landscape-scale genetic typing of IHNV as it
     occurs across Western North America and use phylogenetic analyses and molecular
     epidemiology to identify patterns of virus occurrence, transmission, and disease
     impacts across large geographic regions, and over many years.  This has revealed
     divergence of IHNV into three major genetic groups (U, M, or L) with distinct
     host specificities and geographic ranges in North America. There is also clear
     evidence for viral host jumps, displacement events, and evolution of both specialist
     and generalist virus lineages. Potential drivers of these evolutionary events
     are tested in controlled wet laboratory challenge studies in salmonid fish,
     providing sound scientific data on the biological basis of patterns observed
     in the field. In a recent project we demonstrated evolution of increasing virulence
     as a driver of viral genotype displacements in steelhead trout of the Columbia
     River Basin and worked with collaborators to develop the first landscape-scale
     transmission model for IHNV.  We also explore the biological basis of specialist
     (adapted to single host species) and generalist (adapted to multiple host species)
     viruses, using naturally evolved subgroups of IHNV. This has potential to explain
     changes in virus types and disease impacts observed in the Columbia River Basin,
     and it also serves as a tractable research model for empirical testing of predictions
     of basic specialist-generalist theory for pathogens.  Finally, we collaborate
     with other researchers to investigate the evolution of IHNV virulence after
     a historical host jump from sockeye salmon to farmed rainbow trout using a historical
     panel of over 60 IHNV isolates collected over the last 50 years. Long-term interests
     include understanding drivers of viral evolution and ecology, host and virus
     factors that define virus transmission and transmission models, and how human
     activities can be modified to avoid unintended disease consequences.
   additionalType: personal statement
 email: gkurath@usgs.gov
 hasCredential:
 - '@type': EducationalOccupationalCredential
   name: Ph.D. 1985. Virology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
 - '@type': EducationalOccupationalCredential
   name: M.S. 1980. Marine Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
 - '@type': EducationalOccupationalCredential
   name: B.A. 1978. Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH
 hasOccupation:
 - '@type': OrganizationalRole
   affiliatedOrganization:
     '@type': Organization
     name: Western Fisheries Research Center
     url: https://www.usgs.gov/centers/western-fisheries-research-center
   roleName: Research Microbiologist
   startDate: '2024-05-12T15:55:37.002886'
 - '@type': Occupation
   additionalType: self-claimed professional experience
   name: 1992 to Present - Research Microbiologist, U.S. Geological Survey, Western
     Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, WA
 - '@type': Occupation
   additionalType: self-claimed professional experience
   name: 1989 - 1992 - Postdoctoral researcher, Plant Virology, University of California,
     Riverside, CA
 - '@type': Occupation
   additionalType: self-claimed professional experience
   name: 1985 - 1988 - Postdoctoral researcher, Plant Virology, Cornell University,
     Ithaca, NY
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   propertyID: ORCID
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 jobTitle: Research Microbiologist
 knowsAbout:
 - '@type': Thing
   additionalType: self-claimed expertise
   name: Virology
 - '@type': Thing
   additionalType: self-claimed expertise
   name: RNA Virus Evolution
 - '@type': Thing
   additionalType: self-claimed expertise
   name: Ecology and Evolution of infectious Disease
 - '@type': Thing
   additionalType: self-claimed expertise
   name: Aquatic Animal Health
 memberOf:
   '@type': OrganizationalRole
   member:
     '@type': Organization
     name: U.S. Geological Survey
   name: staff member
   startDate: '2024-05-12T15:55:37.000027'
 name: Gael Kurath, Ph.D.
 url: https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/gael-kurath