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OpenAlex: !!python/object/new:pyalex.api.Topic
{
   dictitems:
  "id": "https://openalex.org/T12342",
    cited_by_count: 132188
   "display_name": "Venous Anomalies and Syndromes in Vascular System",
    created_date: '2024-01-23'
  "description": "This cluster of papers focuses on a wide range of venous anomalies and syndromes in the vascular system, including anomalies of the inferior vena cava, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, nutcracker syndrome, vascular compression syndromes, and venous aneurysms. The papers discuss the diagnosis, imaging findings, clinical implications, treatment strategies, and surgical interventions for these venous abnormalities.",
    description: This cluster of papers focuses on a wide range of venous anomalies
  "keywords": [
      and syndromes in the vascular system, including anomalies of the inferior vena
     "Inferior Vena Cava",
      cava, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, nutcracker syndrome, vascular compression
    "Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome",
      syndromes, and venous aneurysms. The papers discuss the diagnosis, imaging findings,
     "Nutcracker Syndrome",
      clinical implications, treatment strategies, and surgical interventions for
    "Vascular Anomalies",
      these venous abnormalities.
    "Deep Vein Thrombosis",
     display_name: Venous Anomalies and Syndromes in Vascular System
     "Left Superior Vena Cava",
     domain:
    "Renal Nutcracker Syndrome",
      display_name: Health Sciences
    "Vascular Compression Syndromes",
      id: https://openalex.org/domains/4
    "Venous Aneurysms",
     field:
    "Congenital Venous Abnormalities"
      display_name: Medicine
  ],
      id: https://openalex.org/fields/27
  "ids": {
     id: https://openalex.org/T12342
    "openalex": "https://openalex.org/T12342",
    ids:
     "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutcracker_syndrome"
      openalex: https://openalex.org/T12342
  },
      wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutcracker_syndrome
  "subfield": {
     keywords:
    "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2746",
    - Inferior Vena Cava
    "display_name": "Surgery"
    - Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome
  },
     - Nutcracker Syndrome
  "field": {
     - Vascular Anomalies
    "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27",
    - Deep Vein Thrombosis
     "display_name": "Medicine"
     - Left Superior Vena Cava
  },
    - Renal Nutcracker Syndrome
  "domain": {
     - Vascular Compression Syndromes
     "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4",
     - Venous Aneurysms
     "display_name": "Health Sciences"
    - Congenital Venous Abnormalities
  },
    siblings:
  "siblings": [
    - display_name: Advancements in Medical Research and Practice
     {
       id: https://openalex.org/T13533
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T13533",
    - display_name: Advancements in Medical Science and Practice
      "display_name": "Advancements in Medical Research and Practice"
       id: https://openalex.org/T14020
     },
    - display_name: Alarm Fatigue in Clinical Monitoring Systems
     {
       id: https://openalex.org/T13248
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14020",
    - display_name: Anorectal Surgical Procedures
      "display_name": "Advancements in Medical Science and Practice"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11865
    },
    - display_name: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Athletes
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10442
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13248",
    - display_name: Body Contouring Techniques and Procedures
      "display_name": "Alarm Fatigue in Clinical Monitoring Systems"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12173
    },
    - display_name: Branchial Anomalies and Thyroid Abnormalities
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12631
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11865",
    - display_name: Breast Reconstruction Techniques and Outcomes
      "display_name": "Anorectal Surgical Procedures"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11258
    },
    - display_name: Cardiac Surgery and Bypass Grafting Outcomes
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T11055
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10442",
    - display_name: Cholangiocarcinoma
      "display_name": "Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Athletes"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11364
    },
    - display_name: Cholesterol Metabolism and Atherosclerosis
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11618
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12173",
    - display_name: Cholesterol-lowering Treatment
      "display_name": "Body Contouring Techniques and Procedures"
      id: https://openalex.org/T10394
    },
    - display_name: Classification and Treatment of Vascular Anomalies
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10980
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12631",
    - display_name: Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Urachal Carcinoma
      "display_name": "Branchial Anomalies and Thyroid Abnormalities"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12695
    },
    - display_name: Clinical Significance of Policosanol in Lipid Management
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T13828
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11258",
    - display_name: Clinical Studies on Coronary Stents and Revascularization
      "display_name": "Breast Reconstruction Techniques and Outcomes"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10193
    },
    - display_name: Complications and Management of Stoma-related Issues
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12769
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11055",
    - display_name: Complications and Techniques in Thyroid Surgery
      "display_name": "Cardiac Surgery and Bypass Grafting Outcomes"
      id: https://openalex.org/T11728
    },
    - display_name: Craniofacial Reconstruction Techniques
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11866
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11364",
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Management of Abdominal Tuberculosis
      "display_name": "Cholangiocarcinoma"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12578
    },
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Management of Chylothorax and Chylous Ascites
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T12426
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11618",
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
      "display_name": "Cholesterol Metabolism and Atherosclerosis"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11586
    },
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12538
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10394",
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Management of Fetal and Neonatal Tumors
      "display_name": "Cholesterol-lowering Treatment"
      id: https://openalex.org/T12183
    },
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Management of Kawasaki Disease
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11892
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10980",
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatitis
      "display_name": "Classification and Treatment of Vascular Anomalies"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10760
    },
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Management of Syncope
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T11950
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12695",
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Treatment of Bladder Cancer
      "display_name": "Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Urachal Carcinoma"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10458
    },
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Treatment of Diverticulitis
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12518
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13828",
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Treatment of Prosthetic Joint Infections
      "display_name": "Clinical Significance of Policosanol in Lipid Management"
      id: https://openalex.org/T11293
    },
    - display_name: Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Infections
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11381
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10193",
    - display_name: Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Obesity and Diabetes
      "display_name": "Clinical Studies on Coronary Stents and Revascularization"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10569
    },
    - display_name: Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery Techniques
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T11669
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12769",
    - display_name: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols
      "display_name": "Complications and Management of Stoma-related Issues"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12020
    },
    - display_name: Epidemiology and Management of Maxillofacial Trauma
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11562
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11728",
    - display_name: Esophageal Intervention Techniques
      "display_name": "Complications and Techniques in Thyroid Surgery"
      id: https://openalex.org/T11658
    },
    - display_name: Etiology and Management of Abdominal Wall Defects
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12716
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11866",
    - display_name: Etiology and Management of Peritoneal Adhesions
      "display_name": "Craniofacial Reconstruction Techniques"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12089
    },
    - display_name: Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome and Hip Pathology
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T11218
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12578",
    - display_name: Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastric Cancer
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Management of Abdominal Tuberculosis"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10276
    },
    - display_name: Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12352
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12426",
    - display_name: Hernia Repair Techniques and Materials
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Management of Chylothorax and Chylous Ascites"
      id: https://openalex.org/T10961
    },
    - display_name: Hip Arthroplasty Techniques and Materials
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10512
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11586",
    - display_name: Hirschsprung Disease and Enteric Nervous System Development
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12237
    },
    - display_name: Impact of Spinal Deformity on Health and Function
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T11030
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12538",
    - display_name: Incidence and Management of Hip Fractures
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11509
    },
    - display_name: Innovations in Transgastric Surgical Techniques
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12053
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12183",
    - display_name: Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Management of Fetal and Neonatal Tumors"
      id: https://openalex.org/T12150
    },
    - display_name: Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Surgery
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12476
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11892",
    - display_name: Intussusception and Meckel's Diverticulum
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Management of Kawasaki Disease"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11855
    },
    - display_name: Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Analysis and Management
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T13314
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10760",
    - display_name: Liver Transplantation and Graft Survival Analysis
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatitis"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10999
    },
    - display_name: Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention and Penile Health
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11713
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11950",
    - display_name: Management and Treatment of Chronic Venous Disorders
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Management of Syncope"
      id: https://openalex.org/T11453
    },
    - display_name: Management and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10926
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10458",
    - display_name: Management of Mesenteric Ischemia and Aneurysms
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Treatment of Bladder Cancer"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11625
    },
    - display_name: Management of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis from Digestive Tract
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T12064
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12518",
    - display_name: Management of Postoperative Pain and Complications
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Treatment of Diverticulitis"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10189
    },
    - display_name: Management of Rib Fractures in Trauma Patients
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11951
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11293",
    - display_name: Management of Spinal Metastatic Tumors
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Treatment of Prosthetic Joint Infections"
      id: https://openalex.org/T12108
    },
    - display_name: Management of Spleen Trauma in Polytrauma Patients
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11267
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11381",
    - display_name: Management of Spontaneous and Iatrogenic Hematomas
      "display_name": "Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Infections"
       id: https://openalex.org/T13878
    },
    - display_name: Management of Vascular Graft Infections and Aneurysms
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T12453
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10569",
    - display_name: Mechanisms and Management of Paraquat Toxicity
      "display_name": "Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Obesity and Diabetes"
       id: https://openalex.org/T13639
    },
    - display_name: Medical Science and Healthcare
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12930
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11669",
    - display_name: Microsurgical Reconstruction Techniques
      "display_name": "Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery Techniques"
      id: https://openalex.org/T10599
    },
    - display_name: Minimally Invasive Repair of Pectus Excavatum
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12830
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T12020",
    - display_name: Nasal Surgery Techniques and Outcomes
      "display_name": "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11812
    },
    - display_name: Operative Management of Pelvic Fractures
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T12154
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11562",
    - display_name: Optimization of Perioperative Fluid Therapy
      "display_name": "Epidemiology and Management of Maxillofacial Trauma"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11700
    },
    - display_name: Organ Transplantation and Rejection
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11189
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11658",
    - display_name: Pancreatic Islet Dysfunction and Regeneration
      "display_name": "Esophageal Intervention Techniques"
      id: https://openalex.org/T10839
    },
    - display_name: Pathogenesis and Management of Biliary Atresia
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12460
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T12716",
    - display_name: Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
      "display_name": "Etiology and Management of Abdominal Wall Defects"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11054
    },
    - display_name: Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T10619
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12089",
    - display_name: Prevention and Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
      "display_name": "Etiology and Management of Peritoneal Adhesions"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11785
    },
    - display_name: Prevention and Management of Surgical Site Infections
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11080
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11218",
    - display_name: Projections and Outcomes of Arthroplasty Surgery in the US
      "display_name": "Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome and Hip Pathology"
      id: https://openalex.org/T10562
    },
    - display_name: Rhabdomyolysis and Compartment Syndromes
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12117
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10276",
    - display_name: Role of Urotensin II in Cardiovascular Physiology and Disease
      "display_name": "Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastric Cancer"
       id: https://openalex.org/T14486
    },
    - display_name: Salivary Gland Tumors and Carcinomas
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T11035
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12352",
    - display_name: Shoulder Pathology and Treatment Outcomes
      "display_name": "Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10280
    },
    - display_name: Spinal Hematomas and Related Conditions
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T13323
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10961",
    - display_name: Spine Surgery Techniques and Technologies
      "display_name": "Hernia Repair Techniques and Materials"
      id: https://openalex.org/T10776
    },
    - display_name: Surgical Interventions for Cervical Spine Disorders
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11518
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10512",
    - display_name: Surgical Management of Brachial Plexus Injuries
      "display_name": "Hip Arthroplasty Techniques and Materials"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12459
    },
    - display_name: Surgical Simulation and Training Techniques
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T10916
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12237",
    - display_name: Surgical Suture Materials and Techniques
      "display_name": "Hirschsprung Disease and Enteric Nervous System Development"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12906
    },
    - display_name: Surgical Ventricular Reconstruction in Myocardial Infarction
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12598
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11030",
    - display_name: Testicular Germ Cell Tumors and Treatment
      "display_name": "Impact of Spinal Deformity on Health and Function"
      id: https://openalex.org/T11069
    },
    - display_name: Therapeutic Applications of Molecular Hydrogen Therapy
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T13775
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11509",
    - display_name: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
      "display_name": "Incidence and Management of Hip Fractures"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12264
    },
    - display_name: Treatment and Management of Anal Cancer
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T13110
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12053",
    - display_name: Treatment and Outcomes of Hand Injuries
      "display_name": "Innovations in Transgastric Surgical Techniques"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10630
    },
    - display_name: Xenotransplantation Research and Applications
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T12654
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12150",
    subfield:
      "display_name": "Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders"
      display_name: Surgery
    },
      id: https://openalex.org/subfields/2746
    {
    updated_date: '2024-05-20T05:12:10.628341'
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T12476",
    works_count: 27489
      "display_name": "Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Surgery"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11855",
      "display_name": "Intussusception and Meckel's Diverticulum"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13314",
      "display_name": "Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Analysis and Management"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10999",
      "display_name": "Liver Transplantation and Graft Survival Analysis"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11713",
      "display_name": "Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention and Penile Health"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11453",
      "display_name": "Management and Treatment of Chronic Venous Disorders"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10926",
      "display_name": "Management and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11625",
      "display_name": "Management of Mesenteric Ischemia and Aneurysms"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12064",
      "display_name": "Management of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis from Digestive Tract"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10189",
      "display_name": "Management of Postoperative Pain and Complications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11951",
      "display_name": "Management of Rib Fractures in Trauma Patients"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12108",
      "display_name": "Management of Spinal Metastatic Tumors"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11267",
      "display_name": "Management of Spleen Trauma in Polytrauma Patients"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13878",
      "display_name": "Management of Spontaneous and Iatrogenic Hematomas"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12453",
      "display_name": "Management of Vascular Graft Infections and Aneurysms"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T13639",
      "display_name": "Mechanisms and Management of Paraquat Toxicity"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12930",
      "display_name": "Medical Science and Healthcare"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10599",
      "display_name": "Microsurgical Reconstruction Techniques"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T12830",
      "display_name": "Minimally Invasive Repair of Pectus Excavatum"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11812",
      "display_name": "Nasal Surgery Techniques and Outcomes"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12154",
      "display_name": "Operative Management of Pelvic Fractures"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11700",
      "display_name": "Optimization of Perioperative Fluid Therapy"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11189",
      "display_name": "Organ Transplantation and Rejection"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10839",
      "display_name": "Pancreatic Islet Dysfunction and Regeneration"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T12460",
      "display_name": "Pathogenesis and Management of Biliary Atresia"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11054",
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10619",
      "display_name": "Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer"
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      "display_name": "Projections and Outcomes of Arthroplasty Surgery in the US"
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      "display_name": "Rhabdomyolysis and Compartment Syndromes"
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      "display_name": "Role of Urotensin II in Cardiovascular Physiology and Disease"
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      "display_name": "Salivary Gland Tumors and Carcinomas"
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      "display_name": "Shoulder Pathology and Treatment Outcomes"
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      "display_name": "Spinal Hematomas and Related Conditions"
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      "display_name": "Surgical Simulation and Training Techniques"
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      "display_name": "Surgical Suture Materials and Techniques"
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      "display_name": "Surgical Ventricular Reconstruction in Myocardial Infarction"
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      "display_name": "Therapeutic Applications of Molecular Hydrogen Therapy"
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      "display_name": "Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine"
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      "display_name": "Treatment and Management of Anal Cancer"
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      "display_name": "Treatment and Outcomes of Hand Injuries"
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      "display_name": "Xenotransplantation Research and Applications"
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}