Item talk:Q50237

{

 "USGS Staff Profile": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Person",
   "dateModified": "2024-09-21T07:58:51.256547",
   "name": "Kaj Williams, Ph.D.",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "ORCID",
       "value": "0000-0003-1755-1872"
     }
   ],
   "jobTitle": "Research Physical Scientist",
   "hasOccupation": [
     {
       "@type": "OrganizationalRole",
       "startDate": "2024-09-21T07:58:51.265555",
       "affiliatedOrganization": {
         "@type": "Organization",
         "name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
         "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center"
       },
       "roleName": "Research Physical Scientist"
     }
   ],
   "description": [
     {
       "@type": "TextObject",
       "additionalType": "short description",
       "abstract": "Research Physical Scientist with the Astrogeology Science Center"
     },
     {
       "@type": "TextObject",
       "additionalType": "staff profile page introductory statement",
       "abstract": "Kaj Williams is a planetary and atmospheric scientist at the USGS Astrogeology Science Center."
     }
   ],
   "email": "kewilliams@usgs.gov",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/kaj-williams",
   "affiliation": [],
   "hasCredential": [],
   "knowsAbout": [
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Planetary Atmospheres"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Surface/Atmosphere interaction"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Cave climate"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Snow and permafrost modeling"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Desert climate and soils"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "The Cryosphere"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Planetary Defense"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Fluid Dynamics"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Heat Transfer"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Thing",
       "additionalType": "self-claimed expertise",
       "name": "Machine Learning"
     }
   ],
   "memberOf": {
     "@type": "OrganizationalRole",
     "name": "staff member",
     "member": {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"
     },
     "startDate": "2024-09-21T07:58:51.256557"
   }
 },
 "ORCID": {
   "@context": "http://schema.org",
   "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-1872",
   "@reverse": {
     "creator": [
       {
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "name": "Mass balance of two perennial snowfields: Niwot Ridge, Colorado, and the Ulaan Taiga, Mongolia"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01385-1",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1038/s41550-021-01385-1"
         },
         "name": "A roadmap for planetary caves science and exploration"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.3847/25c2cfeb.e56bd93d",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.3847/25c2cfeb.e56bd93d"
         },
         "name": "A Critical Gap: In situ Measurements of Planetary Surface-Atmosphere Interactions Beyond Earth"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.3847/25c2cfeb.038c0952",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.3847/25c2cfeb.038c0952"
         },
         "name": "Aeolian Processes and Landforms Across the Solar System: Science and Technology Requirements for the Next Decade"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.3847/25c2cfeb.cf124da3",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.3847/25c2cfeb.cf124da3"
         },
         "name": "Mars Astrobiological Cave and Internal habitability Explorer (MACIE): A New Frontiers Mission Concept"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.3847/25c2cfeb.a68ba8cb",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.3847/25c2cfeb.a68ba8cb"
         },
         "name": "Science and technology requirements to explore caves in our Solar System"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2020je006617",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1029/2020je006617"
         },
         "name": "Widespread Exposures of Extensive Clean Shallow Ice in the Midlatitudes of Mars"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.3133/tm13b2",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.3133/tm13b2"
         },
         "name": "A numerical model for the cooling of a lava sill with heat pipe effects"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl087387",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1029/2020gl087387"
         },
         "name": "Conceptual Model for the Removal of Cold\u2010Trapped H\n            2\n            O Ice on the Mars Northern Seasonal Springtime Polar Cap"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954102017000402",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1017/s0954102017000402"
         },
         "name": "The effects of snow and salt on ice table stability in University Valley, Antarctica"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.5038/1827-806x.46.3.2130",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.5038/1827-806x.46.3.2130"
         },
         "name": "Martian cave air-movement via Helmholtz resonance"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.005",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.005"
         },
         "name": "Modeling the effects of martian surface frost on ice table depth"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.5038/1827-806x.44.2.2",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.5038/1827-806x.44.2.2"
         },
         "name": "Comparing flow-through and static ice cave models for Shoshone Ice Cave"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2013.05.019",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1016/j.pss.2013.05.019"
         },
         "name": "The high elevation Dry Valleys in Antarctica as analog sites for subsurface ice on Mars"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954102011000903",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1017/s0954102011000903"
         },
         "name": "Formation and evolution of buried snowpack deposits in Pearse Valley, Antarctica, and implications for Mars"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2011.11.005",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1016/j.pss.2011.11.005"
         },
         "name": "The surface energy balance at the Huygens landing site and the moist surface conditions on Titan"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.06.028",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1016/j.icarus.2011.06.028"
         },
         "name": "Variability in the small crater population on Callisto"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.03.039",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1016/j.icarus.2010.03.039"
         },
         "name": "Do ice caves exist on Mars?"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.12.013",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1016/j.icarus.2008.12.013"
         },
         "name": "Ancient melting of mid-latitude snowpacks on Mars as a water source for gullies"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.03.017",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1016/j.icarus.2008.03.017"
         },
         "name": "Stability of mid-latitude snowpacks on Mars"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2007gl029507",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1029/2007gl029507"
         },
         "name": "Modeling water ice lifetimes at recent Martian gully locations"
       },
       {
         "@id": "https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.60.5445",
         "@type": "CreativeWork",
         "identifier": {
           "@type": "PropertyValue",
           "propertyID": "doi",
           "value": "10.1103/physreve.60.5445"
         },
         "name": "Unstable dimension variability in coupled chaotic systems"
       }
     ]
   },
   "@type": "Person",
   "familyName": "Williams",
   "givenName": "Kaj",
   "mainEntityOfPage": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-1872"
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "created_date": "2023-07-21",
   "display_name": "Kimberly Williams",
   "display_name_alternatives": [
     "Kaj E. Williams",
     "Kaj Williams",
     "Kimberly Williams",
     "K. E. Williams",
     "K. Williams",
     "Kimberly R. Williams",
     "Kaj Erik Williams"
   ],
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/A5055315508",
     "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-1872"
   },
   "last_known_institutions": [
     {
       "country_code": "US",
       "display_name": "Yahoo (United States)",
       "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134091",
       "lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/I4210134091"
       ],
       "ror": "https://ror.org/040dkzz12",
       "type": "company"
     }
   ],
   "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-1872",
   "topics": [
     {
       "count": 36,
       "display_name": "Exploration and Study of Mars",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10406",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 21,
       "display_name": "Formation and Evolution of the Solar System",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10325",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 14,
       "display_name": "Space Suit Design and Ergonomics for EVA",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Engineering",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14214",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Aerospace Engineering",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2202"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 10,
       "display_name": "Space Exploration and Governance",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12717",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 10,
       "display_name": "Climate Change and Paleoclimatology",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10017",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Atmospheric Science",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1902"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 6,
       "display_name": "Evolution and Applications of CubeSat Missions",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Engineering",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12449",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Aerospace Engineering",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2202"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 6,
       "display_name": "Impacts of Climate Change on Glaciers and Water Availability",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10644",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Atmospheric Science",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1902"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 5,
       "display_name": "Anaerobic Methane Oxidation and Gas Hydrates",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Environmental Science",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10995",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Environmental Chemistry",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2304"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 5,
       "display_name": "Search for Extraterrestrial Life and Intelligence",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12788",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 4,
       "display_name": "Microbial Diversity in Antarctic Ecosystems",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Environmental Science",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12180",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Ecology",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 3,
       "display_name": "Global Cancer Incidence and Mortality Patterns",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Health Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Medicine",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10556",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Oncology",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2730"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 3,
       "display_name": "Physiological Effects of Space Travel and Microgravity",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Health Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Medicine",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12005",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Physiology",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2737"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 3,
       "display_name": "Aeolian Geomorphology and Wind Erosion Dynamics",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12383",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Earth-Surface Processes",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1904"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 3,
       "display_name": "Technology Readiness Assessment and Evaluation",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Engineering",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14306",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2213"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 3,
       "display_name": "Cryogenic Fluid Storage and Management",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Engineering",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13200",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Aerospace Engineering",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2202"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 3,
       "display_name": "Karst Hydrogeology and Geohazards",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12083",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Earth-Surface Processes",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1904"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 3,
       "display_name": "Theoretical and Computational Physics",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13126",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Statistical and Nonlinear Physics",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3109"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 3,
       "display_name": "Predictive Legal Technology in Judicial Decision Making",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Social Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Social Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13643",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Political Science and International Relations",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3320"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 2,
       "display_name": "Landslide Hazards and Risk Assessment",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Environmental Science",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10535",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2308"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 2,
       "display_name": "The Exposome in Environmental Health Research",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Environmental Science",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14393",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2307"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 2,
       "display_name": "Surgical Management of Brachial Plexus Injuries",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Health Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Medicine",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12459",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Surgery",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2746"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 2,
       "display_name": "Stellar Astrophysics and Exoplanet Studies",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10039",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 2,
       "display_name": "Improving Patient Safety in Healthcare Settings",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Health Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Health Professions",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10508",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Emergency Medical Services",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3604"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 2,
       "display_name": "Internet Users' Information Privacy Concerns",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Social Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Social Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11045",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Sociology and Political Science",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3312"
       }
     },
     {
       "count": 2,
       "display_name": "Global Trends in Colorectal Cancer Research",
       "domain": {
         "display_name": "Health Sciences",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4"
       },
       "field": {
         "display_name": "Medicine",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27"
       },
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10552",
       "subfield": {
         "display_name": "Oncology",
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2730"
       }
     }
   ],
   "updated_date": "2024-05-21T03:50:39.609051"
 }

}