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OpenAlex: !!python/object/new:pyalex.api.Topic
{
   dictitems:
  "id": "https://openalex.org/T10590",
    cited_by_count: 1131089
   "display_name": "Thin-Film Solar Cell Technology",
    created_date: '2024-01-23'
  "description": "This cluster of papers focuses on the advancements in thin-film solar cell technology, particularly on materials such as CZTS and Kesterite, aiming to improve efficiency and device characteristics. It covers topics such as semiconductor properties, materials modelling, and the use of nanocrystals in thin-film solar cells.",
    description: This cluster of papers focuses on the advancements in thin-film solar
  "keywords": [
      cell technology, particularly on materials such as CZTS and Kesterite, aiming
     "Thin-Film Solar Cells",
      to improve efficiency and device characteristics. It covers topics such as semiconductor
    "Efficiency",
      properties, materials modelling, and the use of nanocrystals in thin-film solar
     "CZTS",
      cells.
    "Kesterite",
     display_name: Thin-Film Solar Cell Technology
    "Photovoltaics",
     domain:
    "Semiconductor",
      display_name: Physical Sciences
    "Device Characteristics",
      id: https://openalex.org/domains/3
    "Materials Modelling",
     field:
    "Nanocrystals",
      display_name: Engineering
    "Solar Cell Efficiency"
      id: https://openalex.org/fields/22
  ],
     id: https://openalex.org/T10590
  "ids": {
     ids:
    "openalex": "https://openalex.org/T10590",
      openalex: https://openalex.org/T10590
     "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell"
      wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell
  },
     keywords:
  "subfield": {
    - Thin-Film Solar Cells
     "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208",
    - Efficiency
     "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"
     - CZTS
  },
    - Kesterite
  "field": {
    - Photovoltaics
    "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22",
     - Semiconductor
    "display_name": "Engineering"
     - Device Characteristics
  },
    - Materials Modelling
  "domain": {
    - Nanocrystals
    "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
    - Solar Cell Efficiency
     "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
    siblings:
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    - display_name: Advances in Lead-free Soldering for Microelectronics
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      id: https://openalex.org/T10460
     {
    - display_name: Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10460",
       id: https://openalex.org/T10504
      "display_name": "Advances in Lead-free Soldering for Microelectronics"
    - display_name: Applications of Microcontrollers in Various Fields
     },
       id: https://openalex.org/T13420
     {
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       id: https://openalex.org/T11690
      "display_name": "Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems"
    - display_name: Atomic Layer Deposition Technology
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T10472
    {
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13420",
       id: https://openalex.org/T12791
      "display_name": "Applications of Microcontrollers in Various Fields"
    - display_name: CMOS Image Sensor Technology
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T11992
    {
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11690",
       id: https://openalex.org/T11343
      "display_name": "Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Technology"
    - display_name: Demand Response in Smart Grids
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       id: https://openalex.org/T13292
      "display_name": "Atomic Layer Deposition Technology"
    - display_name: Design and Optimization of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays and
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        Application-Specific Integrated Circuits
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12791",
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      id: https://openalex.org/T12737
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11992",
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       id: https://openalex.org/T12760
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11343",
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      "display_name": "Condition Assessment of Power Transformers"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10278
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10603",
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       id: https://openalex.org/T11778
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13292",
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       id: https://openalex.org/T11052
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    - display_name: Electricity Theft Detection in Smart Grids
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11522",
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12737",
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       id: https://openalex.org/T12776
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      "id": "https://openalex.org/T13440",
    - display_name: Electromagnetic Compatibility in Electronics
      "display_name": "Effects of Electrically-Assisted Deformation in Metals and Ceramics"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11444
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    - display_name: 'Electron Beam Lithography: Resolution and Applications'
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12760",
    - display_name: Electrostatic Discharge Protection in Integrated Circuits
      "display_name": "Electric Discharge Pumped Lasers"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12495
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    - display_name: Electrowetting in Microfluidics and Optics
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      id: https://openalex.org/T12452
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13093",
    - display_name: Emerging Transparent Electrodes for Flexible Electronics
      "display_name": "Electric Drives and Energy Efficiency in Industry"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11523
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    - display_name: Energy Consumption in Mobile Devices and Networks
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       id: https://openalex.org/T12238
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10278",
    - display_name: Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits
      "display_name": "Electric Motor Drives for Electric Vehicles"
       id: https://openalex.org/T14117
    },
    - display_name: Fault Tolerance in Electronic Systems
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11005
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11451",
    - display_name: Ferroelectric Devices for Low-Power Nanoscale Applications
      "display_name": "Electrical Discharge Machining Processes"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12808
    },
    - display_name: Fiber Optic Sensor Technology
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10205
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11778",
    - display_name: Finite-Difference Time-Domain Methods in Electromagnetics
      "display_name": "Electrical Tomography Techniques"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11263
    },
    - display_name: Free-Electron Laser Technology
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10559
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10424",
    - display_name: Frequency Estimation in Electrical Metrology
      "display_name": "Electricity Market Operation and Optimization"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12300
    },
    - display_name: Fuel Cell Membrane Technology
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T10409
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11052",
    - display_name: Fundamentals and Applications of Electrophoretic Deposition
      "display_name": "Electricity Price and Load Forecasting Methods"
       id: https://openalex.org/T14382
    },
    - display_name: Gas Sensing Technology and Materials
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10461
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13429",
    - display_name: Infrared Detector Technologies
      "display_name": "Electricity Theft Detection in Smart Grids"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11637
    },
    - display_name: Integration and Standardization of Power System Data
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T14276
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10212",
    - display_name: Integration of Distributed Generation in Power Systems
      "display_name": "Electrochemical Biosensor Technology"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10454
    },
    - display_name: Integration of Electric Vehicles in Power Systems
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10768
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11200",
    - display_name: Integration of Renewable Energy Systems in Power Grids
      "display_name": "Electrodeposition and Composite Coatings"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11185
    },
    - display_name: Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces in Wireless Communications
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11458
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12776",
    - display_name: Islanding Detection Methods for Distributed Generations
      "display_name": "Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing and Nanoparticle Encapsulation"
       id: https://openalex.org/T13183
    },
    - display_name: Laser Technology and Applications
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T14158
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13046",
    - display_name: Lithium Battery Technologies
      "display_name": "Electrokinetic Soil Remediation Techniques and Applications"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10281
    },
    - display_name: Lithium-ion Battery Technology
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10018
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11444",
    - display_name: Load Frequency Control in Power Systems
      "display_name": "Electromagnetic Compatibility in Electronics"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12277
    },
    - display_name: Low Power Wide Area Network Technologies
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12079
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11338",
    - display_name: Low-Power VLSI Circuit Design and Optimization
      "display_name": "Electron Beam Lithography: Resolution and Applications"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10363
    },
    - display_name: Magnetic Sensor Technology and Applications
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12692
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12495",
    - display_name: Magneto-Optical Devices for Integrated Photonics
      "display_name": "Electrostatic Discharge Protection in Integrated Circuits"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12510
    },
    - display_name: Memristive Devices for Neuromorphic Computing
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10502
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12452",
    - display_name: Microelectromechanical Systems
      "display_name": "Electrowetting in Microfluidics and Optics"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10369
    },
    - display_name: Microelectronics and Nanotechnologies
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T13436
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11523",
    - display_name: Microwave Dielectric Materials for Communications Applications
      "display_name": "Emerging Transparent Electrodes for Flexible Electronics"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12155
    },
    - display_name: Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10262
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12238",
    - display_name: Microwave Photonics and Optical Access Networks
      "display_name": "Energy Consumption in Mobile Devices and Networks"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10767
    },
    - display_name: Microwave Sensors for Material Characterization and Sensing
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11607
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14117",
    - display_name: Millimeter Wave Communications for 5G and Beyond
      "display_name": "Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10936
    },
    - display_name: Modern Electrostatic Gas Cleaning Technologies and Methods
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12163
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11005",
    - display_name: Modular Multilevel Converters in HVDC Systems
      "display_name": "Fault Tolerance in Electronic Systems"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11102
    },
    - display_name: Molecular Electronic Devices and Systems
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10913
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12808",
    - display_name: Multijunction Solar Cell Technology
      "display_name": "Ferroelectric Devices for Low-Power Nanoscale Applications"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12309
    },
    - display_name: Multilevel Converters in Power Electronics
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T10228
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10205",
    - display_name: Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
      "display_name": "Fiber Optic Sensor Technology"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10125
    },
    - display_name: Nanoelectronics and Transistors
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10558
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11263",
    - display_name: Negative Temperature Coefficient Resistance (NTCR) Ceramic Thermistors
      "display_name": "Finite-Difference Time-Domain Methods in Electromagnetics"
       id: https://openalex.org/T13251
    },
    - display_name: Next Generation 5G Wireless Networks
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10148
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10559",
    - display_name: Optical Code Division Multiple Access
      "display_name": "Free-Electron Laser Technology"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11797
    },
    - display_name: Optical Communication Networks and Energy Efficiency
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10847
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12300",
    - display_name: Optical Fiber Communication Technologies
      "display_name": "Frequency Estimation in Electrical Metrology"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10232
    },
    - display_name: Optical Interconnect Technologies
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11429
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10409",
    - display_name: Optical Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies
      "display_name": "Fuel Cell Membrane Technology"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10851
    },
    - display_name: Optoelectronic Systems for Measurement and Detection
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T14257
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T14382",
    - display_name: Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)
      "display_name": "Fundamentals and Applications of Electrophoretic Deposition"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10611
    },
    - display_name: Organic Solar Cell Technology
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10045
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10461",
    - display_name: Origins and Applications of Electric Circuits
      "display_name": "Gas Sensing Technology and Materials"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12899
    },
    - display_name: Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction Techniques
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11873
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11637",
    - display_name: Perovskite Solar Cell Technology
      "display_name": "Infrared Detector Technologies"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10247
    },
    - display_name: Phase-Locked Loops in High-Speed Circuits
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11417
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14276",
    - display_name: Photonic Crystal Fiber Technology
      "display_name": "Integration and Standardization of Power System Data"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10846
    },
    - display_name: Physical Layer Security in Wireless Communications
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10964
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10454",
    - display_name: Plasma Physics and Technology in Semiconductor Industry
      "display_name": "Integration of Distributed Generation in Power Systems"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10781
    },
    - display_name: Plasmonics for Photovoltaic Devices
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T10623
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10768",
    - display_name: Power Electronics and Conversion Systems
      "display_name": "Integration of Electric Vehicles in Power Systems"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10175
    },
    - display_name: Power Electronics Technology
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10361
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11185",
    - display_name: Power Generation and Energy Systems
      "display_name": "Integration of Renewable Energy Systems in Power Grids"
       id: https://openalex.org/T13856
    },
    - display_name: Power Line Communications in Smart Grid
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12146
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11458",
    - display_name: Power Quality Analysis and Mitigation Techniques
      "display_name": "Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces in Wireless Communications"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10573
    },
    - display_name: Power System Stability and Control Analysis
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10305
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13183",
    - display_name: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
      "display_name": "Islanding Detection Methods for Distributed Generations"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10187
    },
    - display_name: Reverberation Chambers in Electromagnetic Testing
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11851
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14158",
    - display_name: RF Power Amplifiers and Predistortion Techniques
      "display_name": "Laser Technology and Applications"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11248
    },
    - display_name: Silicon Photonics Technology
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T10299
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10281",
    - display_name: Silicon Solar Cell Technology
      "display_name": "Lithium Battery Technologies"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10624
    },
    - display_name: Smart Grid Technology and Applications
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12451
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10018",
    - display_name: Solid-State Laser Technology
      "display_name": "Lithium-ion Battery Technology"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11127
    },
    - display_name: Telecommunication Engineering and Network Management
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T13816
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12277",
    - display_name: Terahertz Technology and Applications
      "display_name": "Load Frequency Control in Power Systems"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10752
    },
    - display_name: Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T11527
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12079",
    - display_name: Ultra High Voltage Transmission Technology in China
      "display_name": "Low Power Wide Area Network Technologies"
       id: https://openalex.org/T14502
    },
    - display_name: Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology and Applications
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12024
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10363",
    - display_name: Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks and Communications
      "display_name": "Low-Power VLSI Circuit Design and Optimization"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10761
    },
    - display_name: Wind Power Integration in Power Systems
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/T10740
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12692",
    - display_name: Wireless Communication and Network Optimization
      "display_name": "Magnetic Sensor Technology and Applications"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11409
    },
    - display_name: Wireless Communication Technologies
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T13918
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12510",
    - display_name: Wireless Energy Harvesting and Information Transfer
      "display_name": "Magneto-Optical Devices for Integrated Photonics"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11392
    },
    - display_name: Wireless Home Automation Systems
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T12222
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10502",
    - display_name: Wireless Indoor Localization Techniques and Systems
      "display_name": "Memristive Devices for Neuromorphic Computing"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10326
    },
    - display_name: Wireless Mobility and Network Handoff Management
    {
       id: https://openalex.org/T10651
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10369",
    - display_name: Wireless Power Transfer Systems and Applications
      "display_name": "Microelectromechanical Systems"
      id: https://openalex.org/T11249
    },
    subfield:
    {
      display_name: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13436",
      id: https://openalex.org/subfields/2208
      "display_name": "Microelectronics and Nanotechnologies"
    updated_date: '2024-05-20T05:07:39.289261'
    },
    works_count: 86172
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T12155",
      "display_name": "Microwave Dielectric Materials for Communications Applications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10262",
      "display_name": "Microwave Engineering and Waveguides"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10767",
      "display_name": "Microwave Photonics and Optical Access Networks"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11607",
      "display_name": "Microwave Sensors for Material Characterization and Sensing"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10936",
      "display_name": "Millimeter Wave Communications for 5G and Beyond"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12163",
      "display_name": "Modern Electrostatic Gas Cleaning Technologies and Methods"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11102",
      "display_name": "Modular Multilevel Converters in HVDC Systems"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10913",
      "display_name": "Molecular Electronic Devices and Systems"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12309",
      "display_name": "Multijunction Solar Cell Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10228",
      "display_name": "Multilevel Converters in Power Electronics"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10125",
      "display_name": "Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10558",
      "display_name": "Nanoelectronics and Transistors"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13251",
      "display_name": "Negative Temperature Coefficient Resistance (NTCR) Ceramic Thermistors"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10148",
      "display_name": "Next Generation 5G Wireless Networks"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11797",
      "display_name": "Optical Code Division Multiple Access"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10847",
      "display_name": "Optical Communication Networks and Energy Efficiency"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10232",
      "display_name": "Optical Fiber Communication Technologies"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11429",
      "display_name": "Optical Interconnect Technologies"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10851",
      "display_name": "Optical Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14257",
      "display_name": "Optoelectronic Systems for Measurement and Detection"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10611",
      "display_name": "Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10045",
      "display_name": "Organic Solar Cell Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12899",
      "display_name": "Origins and Applications of Electric Circuits"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11873",
      "display_name": "Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction Techniques"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10247",
      "display_name": "Perovskite Solar Cell Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11417",
      "display_name": "Phase-Locked Loops in High-Speed Circuits"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10846",
      "display_name": "Photonic Crystal Fiber Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10964",
      "display_name": "Physical Layer Security in Wireless Communications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10781",
      "display_name": "Plasma Physics and Technology in Semiconductor Industry"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10623",
      "display_name": "Plasmonics for Photovoltaic Devices"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10175",
      "display_name": "Power Electronics and Conversion Systems"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10361",
      "display_name": "Power Electronics Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13856",
      "display_name": "Power Generation and Energy Systems"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12146",
      "display_name": "Power Line Communications in Smart Grid"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10573",
      "display_name": "Power Quality Analysis and Mitigation Techniques"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10305",
      "display_name": "Power System Stability and Control Analysis"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10187",
      "display_name": "Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11851",
      "display_name": "Reverberation Chambers in Electromagnetic Testing"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11248",
      "display_name": "RF Power Amplifiers and Predistortion Techniques"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10299",
      "display_name": "Silicon Photonics Technology"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10624",
      "display_name": "Silicon Solar Cell Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12451",
      "display_name": "Smart Grid Technology and Applications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11127",
      "display_name": "Solid-State Laser Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13816",
      "display_name": "Telecommunication Engineering and Network Management"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10752",
      "display_name": "Terahertz Technology and Applications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11527",
      "display_name": "Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14502",
      "display_name": "Ultra High Voltage Transmission Technology in China"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12024",
      "display_name": "Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology and Applications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10761",
      "display_name": "Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks and Communications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10740",
      "display_name": "Wind Power Integration in Power Systems"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11409",
      "display_name": "Wireless Communication and Network Optimization"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13918",
      "display_name": "Wireless Communication Technologies"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11392",
      "display_name": "Wireless Energy Harvesting and Information Transfer"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12222",
      "display_name": "Wireless Home Automation Systems"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10326",
      "display_name": "Wireless Indoor Localization Techniques and Systems"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10651",
      "display_name": "Wireless Mobility and Network Handoff Management"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11249",
      "display_name": "Wireless Power Transfer Systems and Applications"
    }
  ],
  "works_count": 87497,
  "cited_by_count": 1222679,
  "updated_date": "2024-08-26T06:07:16.299705",
  "created_date": "2024-01-23"
}

Revision as of 14:17, 30 August 2024

{

 "id": "https://openalex.org/T10590",
 "display_name": "Thin-Film Solar Cell Technology",
 "description": "This cluster of papers focuses on the advancements in thin-film solar cell technology, particularly on materials such as CZTS and Kesterite, aiming to improve efficiency and device characteristics. It covers topics such as semiconductor properties, materials modelling, and the use of nanocrystals in thin-film solar cells.",
 "keywords": [
   "Thin-Film Solar Cells",
   "Efficiency",
   "CZTS",
   "Kesterite",
   "Photovoltaics",
   "Semiconductor",
   "Device Characteristics",
   "Materials Modelling",
   "Nanocrystals",
   "Solar Cell Efficiency"
 ],
 "ids": {
   "openalex": "https://openalex.org/T10590",
   "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell"
 },
 "subfield": {
   "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208",
   "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"
 },
 "field": {
   "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22",
   "display_name": "Engineering"
 },
 "domain": {
   "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
   "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
 },
 "siblings": [
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10460",
     "display_name": "Advances in Lead-free Soldering for Microelectronics"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10504",
     "display_name": "Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13420",
     "display_name": "Applications of Microcontrollers in Various Fields"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11690",
     "display_name": "Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10472",
     "display_name": "Atomic Layer Deposition Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12791",
     "display_name": "Challenges and Opportunities in Full-Duplex Wireless Communication"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11992",
     "display_name": "CMOS Image Sensor Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11343",
     "display_name": "Condition Assessment of Power Transformers"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10603",
     "display_name": "Demand Response in Smart Grids"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13292",
     "display_name": "Design and Implementation of Embedded Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11522",
     "display_name": "Design and Optimization of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays and Application-Specific Integrated Circuits"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12737",
     "display_name": "Detection and Localization of Arc Faults in Electrical Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13440",
     "display_name": "Effects of Electrically-Assisted Deformation in Metals and Ceramics"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12760",
     "display_name": "Electric Discharge Pumped Lasers"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13093",
     "display_name": "Electric Drives and Energy Efficiency in Industry"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10278",
     "display_name": "Electric Motor Drives for Electric Vehicles"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11451",
     "display_name": "Electrical Discharge Machining Processes"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11778",
     "display_name": "Electrical Tomography Techniques"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10424",
     "display_name": "Electricity Market Operation and Optimization"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11052",
     "display_name": "Electricity Price and Load Forecasting Methods"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13429",
     "display_name": "Electricity Theft Detection in Smart Grids"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10212",
     "display_name": "Electrochemical Biosensor Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11200",
     "display_name": "Electrodeposition and Composite Coatings"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12776",
     "display_name": "Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing and Nanoparticle Encapsulation"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13046",
     "display_name": "Electrokinetic Soil Remediation Techniques and Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11444",
     "display_name": "Electromagnetic Compatibility in Electronics"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11338",
     "display_name": "Electron Beam Lithography: Resolution and Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12495",
     "display_name": "Electrostatic Discharge Protection in Integrated Circuits"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12452",
     "display_name": "Electrowetting in Microfluidics and Optics"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11523",
     "display_name": "Emerging Transparent Electrodes for Flexible Electronics"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12238",
     "display_name": "Energy Consumption in Mobile Devices and Networks"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T14117",
     "display_name": "Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11005",
     "display_name": "Fault Tolerance in Electronic Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12808",
     "display_name": "Ferroelectric Devices for Low-Power Nanoscale Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10205",
     "display_name": "Fiber Optic Sensor Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11263",
     "display_name": "Finite-Difference Time-Domain Methods in Electromagnetics"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10559",
     "display_name": "Free-Electron Laser Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12300",
     "display_name": "Frequency Estimation in Electrical Metrology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10409",
     "display_name": "Fuel Cell Membrane Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T14382",
     "display_name": "Fundamentals and Applications of Electrophoretic Deposition"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10461",
     "display_name": "Gas Sensing Technology and Materials"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11637",
     "display_name": "Infrared Detector Technologies"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T14276",
     "display_name": "Integration and Standardization of Power System Data"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10454",
     "display_name": "Integration of Distributed Generation in Power Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10768",
     "display_name": "Integration of Electric Vehicles in Power Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11185",
     "display_name": "Integration of Renewable Energy Systems in Power Grids"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11458",
     "display_name": "Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces in Wireless Communications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13183",
     "display_name": "Islanding Detection Methods for Distributed Generations"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T14158",
     "display_name": "Laser Technology and Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10281",
     "display_name": "Lithium Battery Technologies"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10018",
     "display_name": "Lithium-ion Battery Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12277",
     "display_name": "Load Frequency Control in Power Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12079",
     "display_name": "Low Power Wide Area Network Technologies"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10363",
     "display_name": "Low-Power VLSI Circuit Design and Optimization"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12692",
     "display_name": "Magnetic Sensor Technology and Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12510",
     "display_name": "Magneto-Optical Devices for Integrated Photonics"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10502",
     "display_name": "Memristive Devices for Neuromorphic Computing"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10369",
     "display_name": "Microelectromechanical Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13436",
     "display_name": "Microelectronics and Nanotechnologies"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12155",
     "display_name": "Microwave Dielectric Materials for Communications Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10262",
     "display_name": "Microwave Engineering and Waveguides"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10767",
     "display_name": "Microwave Photonics and Optical Access Networks"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11607",
     "display_name": "Microwave Sensors for Material Characterization and Sensing"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10936",
     "display_name": "Millimeter Wave Communications for 5G and Beyond"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12163",
     "display_name": "Modern Electrostatic Gas Cleaning Technologies and Methods"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11102",
     "display_name": "Modular Multilevel Converters in HVDC Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10913",
     "display_name": "Molecular Electronic Devices and Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12309",
     "display_name": "Multijunction Solar Cell Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10228",
     "display_name": "Multilevel Converters in Power Electronics"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10125",
     "display_name": "Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10558",
     "display_name": "Nanoelectronics and Transistors"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13251",
     "display_name": "Negative Temperature Coefficient Resistance (NTCR) Ceramic Thermistors"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10148",
     "display_name": "Next Generation 5G Wireless Networks"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11797",
     "display_name": "Optical Code Division Multiple Access"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10847",
     "display_name": "Optical Communication Networks and Energy Efficiency"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10232",
     "display_name": "Optical Fiber Communication Technologies"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11429",
     "display_name": "Optical Interconnect Technologies"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10851",
     "display_name": "Optical Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T14257",
     "display_name": "Optoelectronic Systems for Measurement and Detection"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10611",
     "display_name": "Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10045",
     "display_name": "Organic Solar Cell Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12899",
     "display_name": "Origins and Applications of Electric Circuits"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11873",
     "display_name": "Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction Techniques"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10247",
     "display_name": "Perovskite Solar Cell Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11417",
     "display_name": "Phase-Locked Loops in High-Speed Circuits"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10846",
     "display_name": "Photonic Crystal Fiber Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10964",
     "display_name": "Physical Layer Security in Wireless Communications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10781",
     "display_name": "Plasma Physics and Technology in Semiconductor Industry"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10623",
     "display_name": "Plasmonics for Photovoltaic Devices"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10175",
     "display_name": "Power Electronics and Conversion Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10361",
     "display_name": "Power Electronics Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13856",
     "display_name": "Power Generation and Energy Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12146",
     "display_name": "Power Line Communications in Smart Grid"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10573",
     "display_name": "Power Quality Analysis and Mitigation Techniques"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10305",
     "display_name": "Power System Stability and Control Analysis"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10187",
     "display_name": "Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11851",
     "display_name": "Reverberation Chambers in Electromagnetic Testing"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11248",
     "display_name": "RF Power Amplifiers and Predistortion Techniques"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10299",
     "display_name": "Silicon Photonics Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10624",
     "display_name": "Silicon Solar Cell Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12451",
     "display_name": "Smart Grid Technology and Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11127",
     "display_name": "Solid-State Laser Technology"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13816",
     "display_name": "Telecommunication Engineering and Network Management"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10752",
     "display_name": "Terahertz Technology and Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11527",
     "display_name": "Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T14502",
     "display_name": "Ultra High Voltage Transmission Technology in China"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12024",
     "display_name": "Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology and Applications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10761",
     "display_name": "Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks and Communications"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10740",
     "display_name": "Wind Power Integration in Power Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11409",
     "display_name": "Wireless Communication and Network Optimization"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13918",
     "display_name": "Wireless Communication Technologies"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11392",
     "display_name": "Wireless Energy Harvesting and Information Transfer"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12222",
     "display_name": "Wireless Home Automation Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10326",
     "display_name": "Wireless Indoor Localization Techniques and Systems"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10651",
     "display_name": "Wireless Mobility and Network Handoff Management"
   },
   {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T11249",
     "display_name": "Wireless Power Transfer Systems and Applications"
   }
 ],
 "works_count": 87497,
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